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A sick man in bed with a thermometer in his mouthGetty
Sleep is important for your health, and most people know very well that good sleep can make all the difference when the body is fighting an infection. At the same time, research has shown that loss of sleep and poor sleep impair the immune response and can & nbsp;even delay healing.
But exactly how sleep confers immune benefits is not entirely clear.
Now a new study& nbsp; shows that decreasing & nbsp; the activity of a protein called protein Gαs receiver& nbsp;Sleep allows immune cells, called T cells, to function more efficiently.
To understand why this is so important, we need to take a step back and look at how T cells work in the first place.
In case of & nbsp; infection, the immune system sends various immune cells into battle, each with a different task. T cells work primarily in the front line where they recognize and destroy infected cells.
T cells, lymphocytes actively participating in the immune responseGetty
Of course, for a T cell to kill an infected cell, it must first be attached to the cell. For this, T cells activate sticky proteins called integrins. Work a little & nbsp;like grapples, these proteins help T cells to lock on the & nbsp; sufficiently infected cell & nbsp; long enough to inject toxic molecules.
So these killer T cells have a short but deadly to do list: recognize an infected cell – & nbsp; to bind to the infected cell – to kill the infected cell.
Stoyan Dimitrov, Luciana Besedovsky and their colleagues from Tumul University; bingen, Germany, felt that sleep could influence this process. So they decided to take & nbsp; to take a closer look at a set of molecules known to increase the activity of the Gαs-coupled receptor. & nbsp; These molecules – which include the hormone adrenaline and the prostaglandin inflammatory molecule – are known to suppress immune responses, although this is unknown.
The researchers discovered that this collection of molecules is able to prevent T cells from activating their sticky integrins. & Nbsp; Without active integrins, & nbsp; a T cell can not grab an infected cell to kill it.
So, what does it have to do with sleep? & Nbsp; Well, the levels of hormones and inflammatory molecules are changing & nbsp; during our night sleep. In particular, sleep is badociated with lower levels of molecules that activate the Gα-coupled receptor, including adrenaline and prostaglandin..
Getty
Dimitrov, Besedovsky and their colleagues explained that, as a result, your T cells had less interference and could do their job better when you slept.
To test this, the researchers took samples of white blood cells, including T cells, from healthy volunteers while they slept at night or remained awake all night. The blood of the sleeping participants was removed with the help of an intravenous catheter in their forearms, so that they were not disturbed to obtain blood samples during the night.
As expected, participants' T cells that remained awake had significantly lower integrin activation than participants who slept.
Thus, the study shows that sleep is good for your immunity because it essentially turns off the light dimmer of Gα activity.scoupled receiver. On the other hand, when we sleep too little, this receptor becomes more active and makes the T cells less sticky. & Nbsp; As a result, T cells become less effective at eliminating infections.
"Our results show that sleep can potentially improve the effectiveness of T-cell responses, which is particularly relevant given the high prevalence of sleep disorders and disorders characterized by sleep disorders, such as depression, chronic stress, aging and shift work. " Besedovsky said.
The authors say that therapeutic strategies that improve the ability of T cells to stick to their targets may also be useful in cancer immunotherapy, so that T cells can better attach and kill cancer cells.
Original search:
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A sick man in bed with a thermometer in his mouthGetty
Sleep is important for your health, and most people know very well that good sleep can make all the difference when the body is fighting an infection. At the same time, research has shown that sleep loss and poor sleep impair the immune response and may even delay wound healing.
But exactly how sleep confers immune benefits is not entirely clear.
Now, a new study shows that by decreasing the activity of a protein called Gαs-coupled receptor, Sleep allows immune cells, called T cells, to function more efficiently.
To understand why this is so important, we need to take a step back and look at how T cells work in the first place.
When it fights an infection, the immune system sends various immune cells into combat, each with a different task. T cells work primarily in the front line where they recognize and destroy infected cells.
T cells, lymphocytes actively participating in the immune responseGetty
Of course, for a T cell to kill an infected cell, it must first attach to the cell. To do this, the T lymphocyte activates sticky proteins called integrins. Working a little like grapples, these proteins help T cells to latch on the infected cell long enough to allow the injection of toxic molecules.
So, these killer T cells have a short but deadly task list: recognize an infected cell – connect to the infected cell – kill the infected cell.
Stoyan Dimitrov, Luciana Besedovsky and their colleagues at the University of Tübingen in Germany felt that sleep could affect this process. They therefore decided to take a closer look at a set of molecules known to increase the activity of the Gαs-coupled receptor. These molecules – which include the hormone adrenaline and the inflammatory molecule prostaglandin – are known to inhibit immune responses, although it is not known how.
The researchers discovered that this collection of molecules is able to prevent T cells from activating their sticky integrins. Without active integrins, a T cell can not grab an infected cell to kill it.
So, what does it have to do with sleep? Well, the levels of hormones and inflammatory molecules change during our nighttime sleep. In particular, sleep is badociated with lower levels of Gαs-coupled receptor-activating molecules, including adrenaline and prostaglandin..
Dimitrov, Besedovsky and their colleagues explained that, as a result, your T cells had less interference and could do their job better when you slept.
To test this, the researchers took samples of white blood cells, including T cells, from healthy volunteers while they slept or slept all night. The blood of the sleeping participants was taken with the help of an intravenous catheter in their forearms, so as not to disturb the blood samples during the night.
As expected, participants' T cells that remained awake had significantly lower integrin activation than participants who slept.
Thus, the study shows that sleep is good for your immunity because it essentially turns off the light dimmer of Gα activity.scoupled receiver. Conversely, when we sleep too little, this receptor becomes more active and makes the T cells less sticky. As a result, T cells become less effective at eliminating infections.
"Our results show that sleep can potentially improve the effectiveness of T-cell responses, which is particularly relevant given the high prevalence of sleep disorders and disorders characterized by sleep disorders, such as depression. , chronic stress, aging and shift work., "says Besedovsky.
The authors say that therapeutic strategies that improve the ability of T cells to stick to their targets may also be useful in cancer immunotherapy, so that T cells can better attach and kill cancer cells.
Original search:
Dimitrov, S et al (2019) GαsSleep-coupled receptor signaling and sleep regulate the activation of integrin-specific T cells of the human antigen. Journal of Experimental Medicine
