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A strain of the common cold virus has been found potentially
target, infect and destroy cancer cells in patients with bladder cancer,
a new study in the medical journal Clinical research on cancer reports. No trace of cancer has been found in a patient following treatment with the virus.
Researchers from the University of Surrey and the Royal County of Surrey
The hospital examined the safety and tolerability of exposure to
coxsackie cancer of the oncolytic virus ("anticancer") (CVA21), a naturally occurring virus
strain of cold, in fifteen patients with non-muscular
invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). NMIBC is in the fabric of the
inner surface of the bladder and is the tenth most common cancer in the
United Kingdom, where approximately 10,000 people are diagnosed each year
disease.
Current treatments for this cancer are problematic. trans-urethral
resection, an invasive procedure that removes all visible lesions, has a
high rate of tumor recurrence ranging from 50% to 70% as
as well as a high rate of tumor progression between 10 and 20%.
cent over a period of two to five years. Another common course of
treatment, immunotherapy with Bacille Calmette-Guérin, a living bacterium
used to treat bladder cancer, has serious side effects
effects on one-third of NMIBC patients while one-third do not respond
the treatment of everything.
In this pioneering study, fifteen NMIBC patients, one week before
to pre-surgery planned to remove their tumors, received CVA21 via a
catheter in the bladder. Examination of tissue samples after surgery
discovered that the virus was highly selective, targeting only cancers
cells in the organ and leaving all other cells intact. The virus was
found to have infected cancer cells and to replicate, causing the
the cells break and die. Urine samples taken from patients
every two days detected an "excretion" of the virus, indicating that once
cancer cells infected with the virus had died, the newly replicated virus
continued to attack more cancer cells in the body.
In general, tumors of the bladder do not have immune cells.
preventing the patient's immune system from eliminating cancer
it's growing. Evidence suggests that CVA21 treatment ignites the tumor
immune cells to rush into the cancer environment, targeting and
kill the cancer cells. These tumors devoid of immune cells are known
as "cold" areas immunologically; however, treatment with the virus
causes inflammation and stimulation of immune cells to create
& # 39; & # 39 ;. heat "Hot" tumors in this way are more likely to be rejected by
immune system.
Following treatment with the virus, cell death has been identified in
the majority of patients' tumors. In a patient no trace of cancer
was found during the surgery.
Hardev Pandha, principal investigator of the study and professor of
Medical Oncology at the University of Surrey, said: "Non-invasive muscle
Bladder cancer is a widespread disease that requires intrusion
and treatment plan often long. Current treatment is inefficient and
toxic to a proportion of patients and there is an urgent need for new
therapies.
"Coxsackie viruses could help revolutionize the treatment of this type of
Cancer. The reduction of tumor burden and the increase in cancer cell mortality have been
observed in all patients and eliminated all traces of the disease on a
patient after only one week of treatment, showing his potential
efficiency. No significant adverse effects were observed in children.
patient."
Nicola Annels, research fellow at the University of Surrey, said:
"Traditionally, viruses have been badociated with the disease, but in the
good situation, they can improve our overall health and well-being by
destroy the cancer cells. Oncolytic viruses such as Coxsackie virus
could transform the way we treat cancer and could signal a departure
more established treatments such as chemotherapy. "
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