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Fecal microbiota (FMT) transplants, although increasingly popular for curing diarrheal infections, are not really versatile.
Trials for other conditions, as the University of Auckland said, "hit home".
However, new research suggests that some people – "super donors", if you prefer, produce stools much more likely to lead to clinical improvement.
This magic shit provides the bacteria needed to restore intestinal chemicals that are lacking in diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and diabetes.
It could even be a solution to Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), cancer, asthma, allergy and heart disease, all of which are badociated with changes in intestinal bacteria.
"Understanding what makes a super stool donor could make shit the new panacea," said the University.
Ten years ago, the FMTs were not conventional. Now, they are a routine treatment for intestinal infections.
The process involves collecting the excrements of a healthy donor, treating them and transferring them into the colon of the recipient.
"The last two decades have seen a growing list of medical conditions badociated with changes in the microbiome – bacteria, viruses, and fungi, especially intestinal," according to the study's author, Justin O. Sullivan, from the Liggins Institute of Auckland University.
While the cure rate for recurrent diarrheal infections exceeds 90%, TMFs used to reduce symptoms in other conditions have more mixed results, averaging around 20%.
"The successful model of these trials demonstrates the existence of" super donors, "whose stool is particularly likely to influence the host's bowel and lead to clinical improvement." O'Sullivan said in a statement.
These people tend to have high levels of key species, or bacteria, that produce chemicals whose lack in the host's gut contributes to the disease. Scientists must also take into account other factors, such as the balance of other bacteria present and their interactions.
And finally, the super donors might not be enough.
"Some stool graft failures may be attributable to the immune response of the gut to transplanted microbes, possibly because of an underlying genetic difference between the donor and the recipient," O'Sullivan said. .
FMTs are not really approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. But the FDA in 2013 gave the green light to doctors for the treatment of chronic diseases. Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infections that do not respond to other treatments.
The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York recently revealed that MSDs can restore healthy bacteria that are often wiped out by chemotherapy in stem cell and bone marrow transplant recipients for blood cancer.
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