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ABIDJAN, April 8, 2019 – Discuss and discuss African migration, youth, and jobs, Ibrahim's 2019 weekend for governance, which was held in Abidjan from 5 to 7 April, learned that it was urgent to redefine the overall vision of African migrations as distorted data lead to inadequate policies. African migration is an opportunity for both the continent and the world, yet this subject is now triggering an emotional response and is generally misunderstood.
Driven by the need for jobs and economic opportunities, most African migration begins and ends on the continent. Their arrival in the host countries is welcome, with many Africans saying they want more migrants to their country. The number of people traveling beyond Africa is relatively low, accounting for only 14% of the global migrant population in 2017 (much less than Asia, 41% and Europe , 24%).
Mo Ibrahim, president of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation, said: "Migration in Africa and around the world is largely an aspiration, not a desperation. Africans leaving their home country seek the opportunity to work and contribute to their host countries. African governments should welcome migrants while ensuring that their own citizens – the greatest badet of our continent – have the education and economic opportunities they deserve. The time has come to act before it is too late for our young people. "
The Ibrahim Forum brings together a powerful coalition of African and global leaders to discuss a crucial issue for the future of the continent. The Ibrahim 2019 Forum focused on the latest report of the Foundation, African youth: employment or migration? Recognizing the importance of young people for Africa's development, the Foundation hosted this year's "Now Generation" forum, a meeting of young leaders from 35 countries whose recommendations fueled the debate.
The first session of the Ibrahim Forum – Give the right tone to African migration – explored African perspectives on migration, pointing out that human mobility is not a recent phenomenon, but a dynamic that has contributed to progress over many centuries.
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, former president of Liberia, Ibrahim Laureate 2017 and Chair of the High-Level Group on International Migration in Africasaid, "In recent times, there have been many young African movements across borders looking for opportunities. This created a fear and a very emotional reaction … but there is no migratory crisis. The majority of those who cross the borders do so legally; they are carriers of capital, knowledge, skills and technologies; they pay taxes; and they constitute a significant part of the GDP of their host countries ".
Vera Songwe, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, underlined the lack of economic opportunities pushing Africans to leave their home country: "The discussion on migration is essentially a discussion about governance and what our leaders need to do to get back on track. to ensure that Africans do not leave the continent. 80% of Africans who emigrate say they do so because they do not have a job, because our countries do not have the right commercial or political environment ".
At the second session – African youth facing jobless growth – Stakeholders debated the current and future challenges of the African labor market, including the untapped potential of agriculture and the expected changes of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Abdourahmane Cissé, Minister of Petroleum, Energy and Renewable Energy of Côte d'Ivoire, describes his country's efforts to create economic opportunities for its young people. "Innovation is the key, yes, but if you want people to innovate, you need to make sure they have access to the resources they need, especially information technology. In Côte d'Ivoire, we focused on vocational training and technical skills and invested in areas that help students access employment, including through the creation of tax incentives to offer internships and internships. hiring young graduates. We need to see many more young people engaged in politics to participate in discussions about their future. "
Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe, former Prime Minister of Ethiopia, said: "Our youth is deeply dissatisfied. They feel marginalized economically, socially and politically. African leaders and civil society should address these issues with a sense of urgency. Let's look at the education and skills that our young people really need, focusing on what is needed for the current economic situation in Africa. "
Akinwumi Adesina, Chairman of the African Development Bank Group, stressed the importance of involving more young Africans in agriculture: "We are still talking about the great potential of our continent, but no one can eat it. We need to build on this tremendous demographic badet – our young people – and turn it into a powerful economic engine for ourselves and the world. We need to bring young people to agriculture and create a new group of farmers. "
Natasha Kimani, Well Told Story Program Manager and Now Generation Forum Member, advocated for a new perspective. "We need to change the way we talk about young people and how we talk to young people. Instead of baduming we know what they need, why do not we ask them? And as young people, if we want to prosper, we must hold our governments accountable. We need to put our leaders on the ground and ask difficult questions. Do not be afraid to challenge authority and ask for what you deserve, because the more you ask for, the more you get!
In the third session – The way forward: Strengthen mobility, update skills, share responsibilities – Stakeholders explored different options for strengthening the continent's ability to make the most of its greater resource, its human capital, and not guaranteeing anyone left behind.
Arancha González, Executive Director of the International Trade Center, said: "Countries where mobility works are those that manage mobility, that do not leave mobility to market forces … We must recognize that migrants are often different – different in terms of religion, culture, color , preferably badual – that too. must be discussed and managed. Mobility introduces diversity and diversity is synonymous with strength. "
Festus Mogae, former president of Botswana and Ibrahim Laureate 2008, emphasized the importance of responsible leadership in managing migration. "African leaders and governments should do their utmost to explain to their people that migrants often benefit the countries in which they migrate, correcting the misperception that migrants are employed in local jobs."
Closing of the session Oumar Seydi, Africa Director of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, stressed the challenge of population growth. "The elephant in the room is family planning. If you look at the data, you can see that the countries with the highest population growth also tended to be the poorest. In our experience, investing in family planning is one of the most effective tools countries have to break the cycle of poverty. This allows women to plan their future and realize their potential.
Ibrahim's 2019 Governance Weekend kicked off with a leadership ceremony celebrating progress on leadership and governance in Africa. The evening was marked by a special tribute to Kofi Annan, evoking the legacy he has left and the inspiration he continues to be. Thoughts and memories were shared by, among others: Mo Ibrahim, president of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation; HE. Amina J. Mohammed, Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations; Kojo Annan; Mark Malloch-Brown, former United Nations Under-Secretary-General; and Bono.
S addressing to more than 1200 guests, His Excellency President Albadane Ouattara "Kofi Annan was more than a friend of Ivory Coast, he was the son of our country and a brother who shared our pain. The name of Kofi Annan is closely linked to the return of peace and security in our country. He was determined not to let our country sink and did not hesitate to use all the authority of the United Nations and its exceptional bargaining power. This nation owes him a lot.
The weekend was closed with a musical concert at the Palais de la Culture bringing together some of the biggest Ivorian and African stars, including: Fally Ipupa, Youssou N & # 39; Dour, Serge Beynaud and Safarel Obiang. Addressing the crowd of young Ivorians, Mo Ibrahim said: "You are the future".
The Ibrahim 2019 Forum reviewed the latest findings of the Ibrahim Forum report, including:
- In 2017, migrants accounted for only 3.4% of the world's population, a marginal increase from 2.9% in 1990
- African migrants in 2017 accounted for 2.9% of the continent's population
- African migrations accounted for about 14% of the global migrant population, far less than the shares of Asia and Europe (41% and 24%) in 2017
- In 2017, the top 10 bilateral corridors in Africa accounted for less than the only bilateral corridor between Mexico and the United States.
- Africa itself is hosting a growing share of the world's migrant population (+ 67% since 2000)
- Rwanda is the third most welcoming country for migrants globally. Egypt is the least tolerant of the continent
- Over 70% of Sub-Saharan migrants move to the continent
- South Africa hosts most of Africa's migrants, followed by Côte d'Ivoire and Uganda
- Nearly 80% of African migrants are motivated by the hope of better economic or social prospects
- Migrants spend about 85% of their income in the country of destination
- The estimated contribution of migrants to local GDP is estimated at 19% in Côte d'Ivoire, 13% in Rwanda and 9% in South Africa.
- Insecurity is not the main factor of African migration: in 2017, refugees accounted for only about 20% of African migrants
- Nearly 90% of African refugees remain on the continent
- Italy, Germany and France host a total of less than 4% of African refugees
- About 60% of the African population is currently under 25 years old and more than one third is between 15 and 34 years old.
- Between 2019 and 2100, Africa's youth population is expected to grow by 181.4 percent, while that of Europe will fall by 21.4 percent and Asia by 27.7 percent.
- In sub-Saharan Africa, only half of those who would qualify for the first cycle of secondary education are enrolled
- The average match between education and skills required by business is worse in Africa than in the rest of the world
- Unemployment is by far considered the most important problem by African youth
- In Egypt, Ghana, Morocco, Nigeria and South Africa, at least 75% of young people think their governments do not care about their needs.
Weekend Governance Ibrahim
Ibrahim Governance Weekend is the flagship event of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation, which is held every year in a different African country.
This three-day event will bring together leading African political and industrial leaders, representatives of civil society, multilateral and regional institutions, as well as Africa's key international partners to discuss issues of critical importance to Africa. Africa.
The weekend begins with a leadership ceremony, during which we celebrate Kofi Annan's life this year. A full day is then devoted to the Ibrahim Forum, a high-level discussion forum that tackles the challenges facing Africa and sets priorities for action. The weekend ends with a public concert featuring some of the best artists on the continent.
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