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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. It results in a wide range of symptoms that vary from person to person.
Depending on their severity, MS can be debilitating and cause problems with vision, balance and movement.
Although there is no cure, the disease can be treated and managed with various medications.
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Joan Didion, Jack Osbourne and Selma Blair, who was diagnosed in August 2018, are among those living with MS.
The NHS estimates that there are 100,000 people in the UK with this disease.
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Masks make you feel instantly better
Getty / iStock
2/6
Goat yoga, because everything is a thing
Getty
3/6
Have you ever heard of avocado on toast?
Getty / iStock
4/6
Sunsets also exist outside of Instagram
Getty
5/6
A shirodhara head mbadage. No, we do not
Getty
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Not a pestle or a mortar, but a gong meditation session
Getty / iStock
Read on for everything you need to know about MS.
What is it?
MS inhibits the functioning of the central nervous system, interrupting the process by which the brain sends signals to the rest of the body to allow you to do simple things like moving, eating and seeing.
Normally, the nerve fibers of the central nervous system are protected by a substance called myelin, which also helps to fight against infections.
When a person has multiple sclerosis, the body confuses Myelin with a harmful substance and attacks it, leaving lesions on the central nervous system and preventing the sending of these signals around the body.
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According to the MS Society, this can lead to serious nerve damage that can lead to serious disability over time.
This type of disease – whereby the immune system confuses a crucial part of your body with a foreign substance and the attack – is known as an autoimmune disease.
What are the causes?
The reason why people develop MS is not clear why, according to the NHS, smoking, viral infections, lack of sunlight and your genetic makeup, that is, people with those with MS have a higher risk of contracting it.
This is more common among women than men, but again, there is no clear reason for this.
What are the symptoms?
The symptoms of MS appear in different ways depending on what part of your central nervous system is affected.
They are also incredibly unpredictable: some symptoms may be temporary while others will worsen over time.
The common symptoms listed by the NHS include fatigue, vision problems, numbness, mobility problems, pain, depression, intestinal problems, speech disorders, muscle spasms and difficulty in the home. learning.
Life expectancy is also shorter in people with MS.
How is he diagnosed?
The symptoms of MS can be similar to those of many other diseases, making diagnosis difficult.
There is no single test for the disease and doctors are generally unable to confirm a case that a person has had two "attacks" of MS-like symptoms, ie a fall without reason / sudden loss of sight.
After that, doctors will usually do a neurological exam, in which they will look for abnormalities in your coordination and reflexes, among other things, to determine if you have suffered a nerve injury.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams can also be performed to look for lesions in and around the brain and spinal cord.
How is it treated?
The treatment of MS depends on the symptoms that appear.
Some, such as a blurred vision, will prompt doctors to prescribe steroid tablets, while other physical symptoms, such as muscle spasms, will be treated through regular physical therapy.
For those who have problems with thinking, learning and memory, you could be referred to a clinical psychologist.
It may take time to adapt to people with multiple sclerosis, but the NHS says that with good care and adequate support, many people with this disease live long and healthy lives.
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