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Black holes are space-time regions with such powerful gravitational effects that nothing, even light, can escape. Our understanding of black holes is beginning to develop as a result of LIGO's recent detection of gravitational waves, which is the first direct evidence of black holes. And an astrophysicist from Columbia University believes that black holes offer humanity an unprecedented opportunity to explore the solar system at a speed close to light – and that extraterrestrials can already exploit their power.
British professor David Kipping, a British scientist, explains the goal of Halo Theory at Express.co.uk: "It is quite possible that an advanced extraterrestrial civilization is exploiting this system of interstellar highways.
"We should think about how to detect this and know how we could get into the system."
And this theory of Halo would try to exploit the incomprehensible power of black holes.
"We are lighting a beam of light directly on a moving black hole – it has to be in motion for this trick to work.
"If you choose the exact angle of the black hole, if you reach the event horizon, you will fall there.
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"But if you go in the side, you will go around the outside, the beam of light will come back to you like a mirror.
"The analogy I like to use is to imagine that a physical wall is going towards you and you throw a ping-pong ball at it, the ball bounces faster because it's heading towards you."
And since light can not travel faster than the speed of light, it gains energy in a different way.
Professor Kipping said, "This light ends up doing two things: the laser beam can give a small thrust to a spaceship when fired and when the laser comes back it gives another push when it hits you.
"The laser beam also comes back with more energy than you put in, allowing you to recharge your batteries."
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There is a real need to reach these extreme speeds because the galaxy is so huge.
The solar system has a radius of 100,000 light years. It is therefore necessary if you wish to travel between the stars.
Even the nearest star has a distance of four light-years. Even with the fastest rocket, it would take between 20,000 and 30,000 years.
Professor Kipping explains, "We would like interstellar travel to take time scales of centuries, if not decades.
"And if you want to do that, you'll have to get closer to the speed of light – and Halo's theory provides a way to do that.
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"If you want to reach these speeds without Halo Drive, it will cost a huge amount of energy.
"So why not get this astronomical energy from an astronomical body?"
The British scientist thinks that an advanced civilization could use the resources of the galaxy to propel them over long distances.
"And the argument is that an advanced extraterrestrial civilization could use the some 10 million black holes of the Milky Way.
"So, these black holes could represent crossing points, like a road system, and these are also free trips, but you will have to pay a one-time fee to reach the first black hole."
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However, the scientist thinks that it is unlikely that his theory of Halo is carried out during his lifetime.
"I wish to promote in my scientific colleagues the idea that we should consider using the stars and our sun as a means to generate the type of energy we need.
"It's very difficult to build anything in the near future that could reach the energy levels we're talking about here.
"But the stars do it naturally."
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