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When the day humans set foot on Mars, how can you quickly build a safe and convenient Mars home? The NASA Mars Habitat Design multi-year competition has finally entered the third and final phase, the virtual modeling work of the first five teams has been made public and the design concepts are quite different, which is quite interesting. Printing technology builds a real model.
If all goes according to plan and not just commercial speculation, Elon Musk's super BFR rocket will take the first pbadengers to the next red planet in 2024. NASA is more conservative, it should be launched in 2033 Mars carries inhabited missions.
There is also Mars One (March 1), a Mars Exploration program run by Dutch private companies, which is expected to be launched in 2031, and its first crew will definitely settle on Mars ( there is no return), but this company Western media and even NASA have questioned the big scam. Some independent scientists have claimed that the company's March plan is not feasible. NASA scientists have criticized the company for crazy ideas, but no one knows what they're doing. The results of the financial review also showed that the company was heavily indebted and that the MIT was directly in public debate with the company.
Regardless of the hype caused by the March colonial boom, habitats are another problem if you want to live long after going to Mars. Houses on Mars must be able to withstand strong solar radiation, extreme temperature changes and internal pressure equipment, but the limited space on the rocket prevents us from bringing more materials into the past .
In today's technology, 3D printing seems to be the best choice.
NASA has been organizing a Mars Habitat design competition since 2014. It entered the third stage of the competition in July of this year and selected the top five works from 18 teams around the world.
The first two steps consist mainly of submitting the plan of design and material technology of planes, the third stage, the participating teams use the BIM model (Building Information Modeling) to design the virtual structure of the housing of Mars, according to regulations. It must be at least 1,000 square feet (about 92.9 square meters or 28 pings), and it should be able to gather immediately after landing, enough to allow four astronauts to live for 12 months in the harsh conditions of Mars.
The five teams that competed in the finals were uniquely designed: the first team, Zopherus, from Rogers, Arkansas, USA, designed a pod like a spider. Print the machine The Martian concrete material is extracted from the local ice, calcium oxide and rock March of Mars, two instruments print the house inside the nacelle. Once the house is printed, the "legs" of the spider will automatically lift the carrycot and move to the next location to continue the printing process.
AI SpaceFactory's second team from New York, in terms of architectural aesthetics, the vertical cylinder looks very simple, but it is very practical and can be used effectively. The space is also the most suitable for printing, and the team has studied in depth the design of thermal expansion and thermal insulation of the exterior wall. Many foreign media are quite sure of the pragmatic design second.
▲ AI: SpaceFactory team work. (Source: NASA)
In addition, the team also thought of "murder," a strange but serious problem that may exist. Human beings will inevitably emerge from loneliness when they live on the earth. At that moment, a small group of people will leave their homes and go to the uninhabited Mars. Loneliness will be amplified hundreds of times, and legal constraints the most direct will be lost. Any interaction with people can compromise a kind of delicate balance: when uncontrollable emotions appear, ten cows can not hold an irrational person.
And the room inside the cylinder is layered, and each has its own independent enclosed space – in case you are unfortunately impulsive, at least you have a shelter.
The third team, Kahn-Yates, is from Jackson City, Mississippi, and states that the overall structure can withstand large-scale sandstorms and that many holes penetrate the hull. The outer space of the outer shell and the inner living core are located in a lush garden, which is responsible for filtering the indoor air.Although it is a good question of where the plants come from, is it necessary to bring apple trees from the land?
▲ Kahn-Yates team work. (Source: NASA)
The comment "techcrunch" also questioned the need for the team to build a very large spiral staircase: it is obvious that space does not exist. is not allocated effectively. Conception
The fourth team, SEArch + / Apis Cor, also came from New York to study how to protect radiation while taking into account the maximum of sunlight. Apis Cor is a construction company that uses special concrete to print buildings.
The fifth team at Northwestern University, designed to simplify and simplify, is a simple dome that can be quickly printed and enhanced in beam strength, although Internal space is not very spacious, but the layout is convenient. The film can be clicked here.
▲ Teamwork of Northwestern University. (Source: NASA)
The competition will enter the finals in early 2019, when the team will hand over a real model built using 3D printing technology in a report. ;a third. Watching the introductory videos of each team is quite intriguing.
There are still some works that enter the top ten, but do not fit in the top five.
▲ ALPHA team work.
▲ Work of the Colorado Mines and ICON school team.
▲ The X-Arc team works.
▲ The Hbadell & EOC team is working.
▲ Work of the March Incubator team.
The picture shows the fourth team work, source: NASA)
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