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Fewer than 8,000 people in the entertainment industry choose the winners – and Tuesday marks the last day of voting. Below you will find an overview of the complex, sometimes confusing process that leads to the winners of the 24 Oscars:
Who votes?
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The Los Angeles Academy of Film Arts and Sciences currently has 7,902 voting members. The members of the Academy are divided into 17 branches – actors, directors, producers, costume designers, etc. – and candidates must be active or have otherwise "achieved the distinction" in the industry.
Candidates must be sponsored by two members of the Academy representing their branch. Winners and Oscar nominees are automatically considered members and do not need sponsors.
Nominations are reviewed once a year by the Board of Governors of the Academy, which has the final say on admission to the elite group. The members enjoyed the right to vote for life, but since 2016, the "voting status" is limited to 10 years and is renewable, in order to avoid having voters who are no longer active in the country. 39; company.
The right to vote for life comes only after three 10-year terms. Those who are not active become "emeritus" members who can not vote.
Who are the members of the Academy?
In principle, the Academy does not reveal its voters list although nothing prevents a member from saying it or it can vote.
As a result of the #OscarsSoWhite uproar in 2015 and 2016 over the lack of black nominees, the Academy has strived to be more inclusive, promising to double the number of women and minority members. By 2020.
In June 2018, the Academy took the unusual step of revealing the names of all 928 people invited to join. If they all agree, 31% of Academy members are now women and 16% of people of color, according to The Hollywood Reporter.
How are the candidates chosen?
The members of each of the 17 branches choose the nominees in their area of expertise. The stakeholder branch – the largest voting group – submits nominations for the categories of actors, the directors nominate the best director, and so on.
Nominations for certain awards, such as for the best foreign language film and the best feature film, are chosen by special committees. All members vote to choose the nominees for the best image.
How are the winners chosen?
All voting members choose the winners. In 23 of 24 categories, the person who gets the most votes is the winner. However, since 2009, Oscars voters have resorted to a complicated preferential voting system in which they rank the most favorite movies to the least favorite.
From five to ten candidates can be chosen: this year, eight films are in the running. If a film gets more than 50% of the votes, it wins automatically.
Otherwise, the accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers uses an instant voting system that guarantees the win the film enjoying the widest consensus among the voters of the Academy.
This means that the counting begins by eliminating the film with the lowest number of votes in the first place and redistributing these ballots to the second choice of those voters.
The process of elimination continues until there remains only one film with more than 50% of the votes. the vote. "The idea of preferential voting is to reflect the wishes of the greatest number of voters," said Ric Robertson, executive director of the Academy in 2009 when the process has changed.
"Otherwise, you could end up with a movie that 25% of the population likes and the rest can not stand," he told the Los Angeles Times.
"In this way, I hope you will have a winner with whom most people can live."
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