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Carbon nanotubes are proving to be a secret method for making better batteries. Recent research by scientists at Rice University and published in the journal Advanced Materials has demonstrated the benefits of using carbon nanotubes.
What is a carbon nanotube?
How are carbon nanotube batteries better than normal batteries?
The lab of chemist James Tour in the Rice lab showed that thin nanotube films had the tendency to stop the growth of dendrites, thorny projections that typically develop on the surface of the electrode after several cycles of charge of unprotected batteries.
Over time, these tentacle-shaped dendrites can pierce the electrolyte core of the battery and reach the cathode, causing the
"Lithium coats the film of nanotubes, which goes from black to red, and the film, in tur n, diffuses lithium ions, "he added.
What is a lithium-ion battery?
A lithium-ion battery is one that can be recharged. Lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge and back during charging.
A researcher holding a lithium metal anode with a carbon nanotube film. (Photo courtesy of Jeff Fitlow)
However, carbon nanotube film intended to prevent the formation of dendrites in lithium metal batteries is charging faster and contains more power than batteries at the same time. current lithium-ion.
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The carbon nanotube charger will be much faster
Lithium metal charges much faster and contains about 10 times more energy in volume than lithium electrodes -ion present in almost all electronic devices, including cell phones and electric cars.
"One of the ways to slow dendrite in lithium-ion batteries is to limit their charge speed," Tour said.
How do carbon nanotubes work?
"Physical contact with lithium The metal reduces the nanotube film, but the balance by adding lithium ions," said Rodrigo Salvatierra, Rice's postdoctoral researcher, co-author of the paper with Gladys López-Silva, student graduate.
The ions are distributed in the nanotube film. 19659015] When using the battery, the film releases stored ions and the underlying lithium anode fills it up again, thus maintaining the film's ability to stop the growth of dendrites.
destroyed dendrites on more than 580 charge / discharge cycles of a test battery when used with a carbon-sulfur cathode.
Lithium metal cells retain about 99.8% of their effectiveness. given by power plants and can reduce air pollution
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