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Even though most couples rush to indulge themselves with flowers, gifts and sweets, this day of love is a little fishy. Most people imagine a romantic Valentine's Day who wrote the first poems of love for his beloved and who made the day famous in his name at his death. But that is not true at all.
There was no Valentine's Day in the third century, but two or three, and none of them was as romantic as we understand it.
But even before these saints, there was the pagan festival gore of Lupercalia, which was stifled and replaced by more Christian and more Christian Valentine's Day.
Pagan feast Lupercalia that could have given way to Valentine's Day.
The Pagan Origins of Valentine Day
The origin of Valentine's Day is badociated with some very bloody tales. Many people think that February 14th as the date of Valentine's Day on February 14 was an attempt to "Christianize" Lupercalia's Pagan Fertility Festival dedicated to the Roman god of agriculture, Faunus , and to the founders of Rome – Romulus and Remus.
To celebrate the Lupercalia from February 13 to 15, the members of the order of the Roman priests called "Luperci" gathered in the sacred cave where Romulus and Remus would have been taken in charge by the wolf. . The priests would then sacrifice a dog for purification and a goat for fertility.
The goat skin would then be cut into strips, dipped in sacrificial blood and taken to the street to slap the women and cultivate the fields to improve their fertility. 19659003] Although the men were half-naked and ran in the streets, the women congratulated themselves on this act in accordance with the beliefs of the time and actually prepared for the same event.
Festival of Lupercalia, Óleo Sobre Lienzo.
Later, all young and single women put their names in a large urn and the singles of the city took a name, after which the couple would be paired for a year. This arrangement often ended with the marriage of couples.
Pope Gelacius I was denounced by the festival in 496 CE. But nothing proves that Valentine's Day was specially created to replace or conceal Lupercalia.
Who were the three Valentine's Day?
Historical Archives of the Bollandists – order of Belgian monks having begun In 1643, for three centuries, recording the details of each Christian saint, tell us that three Valentine's Day died on February 14th.
Two of them were executed by the Roman emperor Claudius Gothicus in 269-270, a time when the persecution of Christians was on the agenda.
The Stories of on & # 39; Valentini & # 39; were many, but the three oldest are the most significant. Valentin's first story was about a man who died in Africa with 24 soldiers, while the other two told more information.
The second Valentine was a Roman priest arrested at the time of Gothicus and put under the care of Asterius, an aristocrat. As the preacher preached, Asterius promised to convert if Valentinus could cure the blindness of his adoptive daughter.
Three Valentine's Day performances.
The priest succeeds and the whole family of Asterius was baptized. However, the emperor ordered everyone to be executed. However, only Valentinus was beheaded and a devoted widow buried her body on via Flaminia, on which a chapel was built much later.
The third Valentinus was a bishop from Terni, Umbria, Italy. His story is very similar to that of the second priest. He discussed with a potential convert, heals his son, was beheaded by order of Gothicus and was buried along Via Flaminia.
Because of the strange similarities, the Bollandists suggest that the second and third Valentinus were probably the same person whose legend became popular in various stories in Rome and Terni.
However, no matter how you look at it, none of those African, Roman, or Umbrian Valentine's Day people were a lover or romantics.
Bringing the "romantic factor"
Over time, stories of miracles surrounding saints were evoked in the Middle Ages. They recounted that Valentine's Day practiced secret wedding rituals when Emperor Claudius II banned the marriage of young men as men without improved families soldiers.
According to another story, Valentine's Day was reportedly killed for helping Christians escape Roman prisons under torture, while another legend would have revealed that the saint would have fallen in love with the dau ghter and send him a message before his death, signed "From Your Valentine" – expression still used today.
But the Bollandists emphasize that these stories are devoid of historical foundation.
Relics of St. Valentine of Terni at the Basilica of St. Mary of Cosmedin
Many monasteries and churches of medieval Europe also began to badert that they possessed one or the other. Another piece of one of the dead saints.
Believers praised the "powers" of the presence of Valentine's Day and an 11th century bishop in Brittany used the supposed head of one of the Valentines to look after the diseases, prevent epidemics and even stop fires .
But even in this case, the remains of St. Valentine's Day had no special power over the love or lovers, even though the saints in question were definitely heroes sympathetic to the people .
Galatin's feast could have been another confusing factor – it was yet another celebration of fertility by the No The customs took place in February and the word "Galatin" meant "Love of women".
How Chaucer and Shakespeare Novelized Valentine's Day
Even though Lupercalia was outlawed, the day became very much badociated with love. In the Middle Ages, in France and England, it was believed that mid-February was the breeding season for birds. And this emphasized the idea that February 14 was to be a day of love.
William Shakespeare and Geoffrey Chaucer
This occurred mainly when Geoffrey Chaucer, the author of "The Canterbury Tales," badociated the February feast of Valentine's Day with the mating of birds in the Parliament of Crowds
William Shakespeare also played an important role in popularizing the month of February as being the month of love in Britain and the rest of Europe. In his famous play "Hamlet", Ophelia's title is "Valentine's Hamlet".
What were the oldest messages of Valentine's Day?
The oldest known message of Valentine's Day that we still have at the present time is a love poem written by Charles, Duke of Orleans, in February 1415 to his wife then that he was imprisoned in the Tower of London after his capture at the Battle of Agincourt. He called it "his very sweet Valentine" in his letter.
Margery Brews wrote to his fiancé John Paston in February 1477, another of our oldest messages about V-Day.
One of the oldest messages of Valentine's Day. written by Margery Brews. (source: bbc)
Years later, King Henry V would have hired a writer named John Lydgate to write a love note for Catherine of Valois
The Tradition of the Holy Valentine's Day in Sending Cards
Valentine's Day, as we know it now, began to become popular in Britain around the 17th century. Around the middle of the 18th century or 1700, friends and lovers began to exchange handmade notes or brands of love. The direct love profession was then discouraged and low sales rates contributed to the growth of V-Day cards.
"Mother of Valentine" Esther A Howland began making and selling objects created with lace, ribbons and colorful images. in the form of Valentine's Day tokens.
In 1900, when the industrial revolution and printing technology began to become popular, printed maps began to appear. The trademarks of Kansas City, Missouri, began mbad-producing V-Day cards in 1913.
Shortly thereafter, chocolate manufacturers such as Cadbury and Hershey began making chocolates, especially for lovers. give yourself one to another on Valentine's Day.
Today, Valentine's Day is a capitalized institution, marketed for a week in February with Rose Day, Hug Day, Kiss Day, etc. with 145 million cards sent each year for Valentine's Day.
According to market research firm IBIS World, Valentine's Day sales reached 1,383 million pounds in 2018 in the United Kingdom, which translates into a whopping 1.26, 20,40,19,962 – more than 12,000 crores!
Read: How was born the sign of love?
Read: From Saint Nicholas to Santa Claus: How a 4th century Greek Bishop transformed into Christmas icon after 1500 years
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