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HIV is the virus that causes HIV infection & nbsp | Photo: & nbspThinkstock
New Delhi: The human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, continues to be a major health problem worldwide. Globally, WHO data indicate that there were about 36.9 million people living with HIV by the end of 2017 and that 1.8 million people were newly infected in 2017 in the world. World AIDS Day, which takes place on December 1 each year, aims to raise public awareness of the AIDS pandemic caused by the spread of HIV infection. The theme of World AIDS Day 2018 is "Know your status, encouraging everyone to know their HIV status."
According to UNAIDS, the AIDS response has grown considerably since 1988. Today, three out of four people are living with HIV. know their status. However, the latest UNAIDS report shows that we still have a long way to go, especially to reach people living with HIV who do not know their status and to ensure that they linked to quality care and prevention services. Founded in 1988, World AIDS Day is an opportunity for people around the world to unite in the fight against HIV, to show their support for people living with this dreaded disease and to commemorate those who have died. consequences of the disease. Read – This blue pill can help stop the spread of HIV, shows the world's first study
What is HIV / AIDS? Key facts to know
- HIV is the virus that causes HIV infection. It targets the immune system and weakens people's defense systems, especially CD4 cells, often called T cells, against infections and certain types of cancer.
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the most advanced stage of HIV infection and is characterized by a CD4 count of less than 200 cells per cubic millimeter. Healthy individuals have a CD4 count of between 500 and 1500 per mm3. Without treatment, HIV can gradually destroy the immune system and progress to AIDS.
- HIV is spread through contact with blood, semen, pre-seminal fluid, rectal fluids, badl fluids or bad milk from an HIV-infected person. According to the WHO, ordinary daily contacts, such as kissing, hugging, shaking hands or sharing personal items, food or water, can not be infected.
- The first symptoms of HIV include fever, chills, sore throat, rash, nausea, general pain and discomfort, headache, stomach upset, and so on. As the infection gradually weakens the immune system, individuals may develop other symptoms such as swollen lymph nodes, weight loss, diarrhea.
- Without treatment, HIV could also develop serious diseases such as tuberculosis, cryptococcal meningitis, serious bacterial infections and cancers such as lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma, among others. There is no cure for HIV infection; however, effective treatment can control the virus and help patients live healthy, long and productive lives. The treatment for HIV infection is called antiretroviral therapy (ART). Antiretroviral therapy is recommended for all HIV-positive people Anti-HIV drugs can also help prevent or reduce the risk of transmission.
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