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Physicists now celebrate the centennial of the cosmological constant. On this occasion, two articles recently published in EPJ H underline its role in modern physics and cosmology. Although the term was introduced for the first time when the universe was considered static, today the cosmological constant has become the main candidate to represent the physical essence supposed to be responsible for it. accelerated expansion of our universe. Before becoming widely accepted, the cosmological constant for decades was the subject of many discussions about its necessity, its value and its physical essence. Today, there are still unresolved problems in understanding the deep physical nature of the phenomena badociated with the cosmological constant.
In his article, Bohdan Novosyadlyj, affiliated with the National University of Lviv in Ukraine, explains how Albert Einstein introduced the cosmological constant in 1917 to make the model of the Static Universe, then accepted by the most scientists, work. His profound physical meaning, however, escaped Einstein. After discovering evidence for a non-static universe in 1929, Einstein regretted introducing this constant into the equations of general relativity. Meanwhile, other scientists have been trying for decades to understand its physical meaning and to establish its magnitude. Michael Turner observed evidence of dark energy in 1998, and scientists began to consider cosmological constant alternatives to model this dark energy.
In another article, Cormac O. Raifeartaigh of the Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland, and his colleagues present a detailed badysis of the centennial history of the cosmological constant. Starting from static models of the universe, the article explains how the constant is marginalized following the discovery of cosmic expansion. Subsequently, it was relaunched to address specific cosmic puzzles such as expansion time, galaxy formation and quasar red displacements.
More recently, the constant has acquired greater physical significance because it has helped in matching. more recent observations with the theory. Specifically, it was helpful to reconcile the current theory with the recently observed phenomenon of dark energy as evidenced by the measurement of the current cosmic expansion using the Hubble Space Telescope, the measure of the expansion spent using supernova and measuring the cosmic microwave background balloon. and satellite.
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