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New Delhi: According to medical experts, bad cancer, the leading cause of death among women in India, is considered a factor in the increase in the number of cases of ovarian cancer, also observed in the Ovarian cancers.
Dr. M. Ray, an oncologist surgeon at AIIMS, Delhi, said that women who had been diagnosed with bad cancer had a higher risk of contracting ovarian cancer due to the presence of the same gene that triggers both cancers.
"Genes are responsible for cancer. Due to the increase in the incidence of bad cancer, we have observed a dramatic increase in the number of ovarian cancer cases in recent years. Even at AIIMS, there have been many cases where a patient has been diagnosed with both, "said Dr. Ray at IANS.
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are human genes that produce tumor suppressor proteins. However, when either of these genes is mutated (ie, it does not work properly), damage to the DNA may not be repaired properly. As a result, cells are more likely to develop additional genetic changes that can lead to cancer.
"Two types of genes – BRCA1 and BRCA2 – are responsible for bad cancer and ovarian cancer. The dysfunction of these two genes increases the chances of being diagnosed with both cancers. A person with bad cancer therefore risks dealing with ovarian cancer and vice versa, "said Dr. Ray.
"If a person has bad cancer, there is a 30 to 35% chance of also having ovarian cancer. And if the person has ovarian cancer, there is a 10-15% chance of being diagnosed with bad cancer, "said Dr. Mala Srivastava, oncologist at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital .
Specific hereditary mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes particularly increase the risk of bad and ovarian cancer, but they have also been badociated with increased risks of several other types of the disease, such as cancer of the trunk Fallopian, peritoneal cancer, colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer.
Women who inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 tend to develop bad and ovarian cancers at an earlier age than those without these mutations.
Although it is badumed to be more common among women over the age of 50, Dr. Ray noted that cases of bad cancer and ovarian cancer were also increasing among women under 35 years old.
"This is due to bad habits of life. And this is not limited to a particular economic clbad. A sedentary lifestyle is making things worse, "he added.
Since both cancers are linked to genetics, medical experts have suggested that women begin screening and genetic testing at an early age.
"For example, if one or two members of the family have bad or ovarian cancer, all women in this family should be screened for BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 cancer. Breast cancer and ovarian cancer must start early in life. Suppose a woman's mother has bad cancer at age 45, and then she starts mammography at age 35, "said Dr. Srivastava.
In India, however, genetic testing is still expensive, which is why many women are not diagnosed in time. Dr. Srivastava said that a genetic test would cost about 25,000 to 26,000 Rs.
"In India, nearly 90% of patients seek medical attention at an advanced stage because they are not detected at an early stage. The main reason is that the symptoms of ovarian cancer are very vague. Despite all types of high-tech surgeries, the survival rate is less than 30%, "added Dr. Ray.
The doctors claimed that if they were detected early, both cancers would be curable.
"Nowadays, the treatment is very good. If a woman who has been diagnosed with bad cancer is screened and treated at an early stage, she will be less likely to have ovarian cancer, "explained Dr. Srivastava.
According to the latest ICMR-Lancet report, bad cancer is among the leading cancers in Indian women. States such as Kerala, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Haryana have been found to present the majority of cases.
The report also states that ovarian cancer has the sixth highest incidence rate with a majority in states like Kerala, Delhi, Arunachal Pradesh and Punjab.
Source: IANS
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