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Some people live at home with the same feelings as those who spend their lives in prison: they become overgrown with mental illness and are overcome by anxiety and fear when they leave their homes, known as open space phobias.
The suffering of those who suffer from this fear of the disease, the need of those who accompany them in their daily journeys, for fear of loneliness, where the patient is afraid of crowded places and markets, tall buildings, halls of sport and cinema, especially when closing doors.
The injured person is also afraid to use public transport and avoids contact with others as much as possible.
And is controlled by fear all the time of the sudden panic attack in a difficult place to escape him and ask for help, and the degree of injury of some of his commitment to the home completely, and not to leave the final and can last for many years.
This fear is spreading among the housewives, who convince around them not to like to leave their homes because they are uncomfortable and they stand in the crowd.
In this section, we discuss the problem of phobia in detail, with a description of the causes and factors that led to this situation, as well as emerging symptoms and possible and modern methods of prevention and treatment.
A known case
The severe phobia, one of the known cases of psychiatry, is clbadified as an anxiety disorder, and it arises from an irrational fear or justification of things that are not frightening.
There is someone who thinks that he can suffocate when he leaves the house, even though he knows that it is not logical, and also thinks that he is not sure. he will lose control of himself or that he will do it. They get angry when they go out.
The victim feels unbalanced when he wants to leave home and the circle of fear increases whenever a phobic patient gives in to his worries and understands many things, places and attitudes.
This state of fear can be independent and be accompanied by other conditions, such as panic attacks, general anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder or psychotic disorders, in other cases.
Do not affect children
A serious phobia occurs between 18 and 30 years old and does not affect children, but in rare cases, the fear of going out of the house can turn into phobia in adolescence.
The symptoms appear as seizures for weeks, during which the patient feels lonely and uncertain, and then calms down to reattach him.
Studies and statistics confirm that the proportion of women affected by this situation is twice as high as that of men, due to the nature of the social conditions surrounding them, making them less willing to leave the home or home. avoid public transport. The patients are unknown.
Biological agents
According to some psychologists, this type of fear is linked to a number of other factors, including biological ones, such as the behavior of the patient outside his will, because of anxiety and fear that cause the body to secrete several hormones, the most important of which is adrenaline. The breathing and heartbeat, and therefore the injured, must leave the scene to put an end to this deplorable situation.
The infection may be due to a defective levels of brain neurotransmitters, which affects mood and behavior, and to a high response to increasing tension, which causes panic in the patient.
The brain of those who suffer from phobia differs from those of others, called the network of fear, caused by dysfunction of parts of the brain generating emotions of fear, generating a strong sense of fear and causing panic attacks.
Spatial perception
Psychologists have discovered that there is a link between spatial phobia and spatial cognition, which means the ability to judge where a person is, the consciousness of people and the things that make him or her. # 39; around. This consciousness is exhausted in overcrowded places, it makes it lost and therefore terrified.
Psychological factors also play a role in the incidence of phobia, including having a difficult childhood experience, such as a parent's death, which leads to a loss of patient confidence in many things and a willingness to stay at home without leaving it. And an earlier psychiatric illness, such as bulimia or depression.
Fear and anxiety
The most important symptom of phobia is the intense control of fear and anxiety in the patient in certain situations and in certain places.
The patient has the feeling that it is difficult to get out of this place and that there is no help to overcome this crisis and therefore a panic attack. And avoids places and situations that he believes could cause him a crisis of instability or fear, such as the abandonment of public transport.
The patient may agree to go out with another person and may remain alone for years without this being explicitly mentioned, even to the closest people.
Attacks of panic
The situation may evolve with some people to the point of absolutely avoiding going out of the house, and a phobic patient can not tolerate the paradox of living with him, stays alone for several days and becomes very anxious when this happens.
The symptoms of the panic attack that he suffers from outside the home are affected by the patient's self-confidence following these seizures, where he appears embarrbading in front of others and therefore fears of can not escape the places where crises reign.
And sometimes, panic attacks become frequent and do not end the cause of this phobia in the patient, easily and spontaneously, although the patient has realized that people come and go from one place to another. Other without precaution.
Telephone consultation
The diagnosis is based on telephone consultations because the person with this type of phobia is afraid to leave the house and can not consult a psychiatrist.
The doctor asks a number of questions. In answering them, he diagnoses the situation with the greatest precision. From these questions, do you make an effort to get out of the house? Do you always avoid certain places or situations?
The doctor asks for physical tests, such as a thyroid surgery, because hyperactivity causes symptoms similar to those of a panic attack.
The treatment of phobia is based on two main axes: cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy.
Cognitive behavioral therapy
The first axis is the most important one, in which the family must be guided towards how to treat the patient, and help to give confidence in oneself and those around him and, on the other hand, not to not put pressure on him in the face of society and out of the house, and the family education and some things to avoid, including the non-derogation of phobia-infected manhood, because of his unable to leave the house.
The doctor begins to talk to the patient about the fears he is experiencing and tries to dispel them, by teaching him a number of useful strategies for dealing with this type of phobia, such as relaxation and dialogue with himself, as well as than the way he talks about his fears. Clearly and without worry.
Pharmacotherapy, in some cases, is considered a sedative and an antidepressant. It helps the patient overcome his panic attacks, as well as treatment of mental disorders causing this fear, such as bullying and anxiety. These medications take 2 to 4 weeks. Their impact begins to appear.
Relax
A recent study shows that about 4% of the adult population in many communities is infected with a plant infection and that women are more likely than men to contract this phobia.
Some people may resort to a lot of sedatives and others to alcohol, which aggravates them. Severe phobia is a disorder that prevents many. Subject matter experts recommend a number of steps that can help counter this fear, including trying to address these fears and learning about visual imagery.
After the relaxation training, an infected person can discover the thoughts that animate anxiety, learn to learn negative thoughts and evaluate his thinking to make it clearer, more realistically, and look for another explanation.
He also learns to measure the strength and duration of anxiety. When he realizes that each panic attack has a specific time, he can overcome it through the skills that she has acquired and thus become less anxious and confident.
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