[ad_1]
The Arab countries will not move forward and the nations will develop only in the field of scientific research because it is one of the essential basic elements. Japan, China, Germany and America are the countries most interested in scientific research and related expenditures. Through the article.
The Arab world and scientific research
When we talk about the reality of scientific research in the Arab world in 2007, according to studies, we find Tunisia, which ranks first at 1.02%, Morocco at 0.46%, then Jordan at 0.034 and at the end of the list comes Kuwait at 0.09%, Saudi Arabia at 0.05% and finally Bahrain at 0.04%. The percentage in the European Union was 1.9%.
Despite the increase in the number of researchers in the Arab world, from 12290 to 149500 researchers between 2007 and 2013, this percentage unfortunately remained unchanged at 1.9%, while the Arab population reached 358 million, that is 5% of the world's population.
Scientific productivity in the Arab world
Based on the number of searches conducted in Arab countries in 2014, Saudi Arabia ranked first with 17,409 research reports, followed by Egypt with 1,800 research reports, followed by Tunisia with 6228 research reports.
The population of Tunisia is one million inhabitants. There are 479 scientific researches. Third, we will find Saudi Arabia all the millions of inhabitants. There are 388 scientific researches and finally Jordan all the millions of inhabitants. Corresponding to 362 scientific researches, while in the Arab world, one million inhabitants equals 137 scientific researches.
While in Western countries, if we talk about Spain, which has 46,704,314 inhabitants, there is the equivalent of 76,699 scientific researches in 2012, a total of 1642 scientific researches for a million dollars. Inhabitants, which means that the search in Spain is 12 times faster than the search in the country of origin Unfortunately
In South Korea, the scientific production rate is 1,347 scientific researches per million inhabitants, which is 10 times the rate of production in the Arab world.
Scientific Research Expenditures
To find out more about the reality of scientific research in the Arab world, it is necessary to mention the countries that spend the most for scientific research according to the following UNESCO Institute:
First: Western countries
America
America spends the equivalent of $ 476.46 billion a year on scientific research.
China
The expenditure rate for scientific research in China reaches 370.59 billion dollars.
Japan
The annual expense rate is about $ 170.51 billion.
Germany
Germany spends $ 109.80 billion annually on scientific research.
South Korea
While South Korea spends $ 73.19 billion a year.
la France
The scientific research and development expenditure rate in France is equivalent to 60.78 billion dollars.
India
India spends the equivalent of 48.06 billion dollars.
United Kingdom
The expenditure rate in the United Kingdom is $ 44.16 billion a year.
Brazil
The expense ratio here is 42.12 billion dollars a year.
Russia
Russia spends $ 39.83 billion annually on scientific research.
kazakhstan
Spend the equivalent of $ 0.025 billion per year in scientific research and development.
Gambia
The annual expenditure rate in The Gambia is $ 0.004 billion a year.
the green head
The rate of expenditure devoted to development and scientific research amounts here to $ 0.001 billion a year.
Second: the Arab world
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia spends up to $ 12.513 billion a year on scientific research.
L & # 39; Egypt
Egypt's spending rate is $ 6.116 billion in research and development.
United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates spends about $ 4,250 billion on scientific research a year.
Morocco
The average expenditure for scientific research in Morocco is about 1.484 billion dollars a year.
Qatar
Qatar spends up to $ 1.280 billion a year.
Kuwait
The expense ratio here is $ 832 billion a year.
Tunisia
The scientific research and development expenditure rate is $ 0.828 billion.
Amman
While the state of Oman spends about $ 0.337 billion on scientific research.
jordan
Jordan spends about $ 0.263 billion a year.
sources:
The crisis of scientific research in the Arab world
The reality of scientific research in developing countries
[ad_2]
Source link
