Henoch Schönlein Purpura: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a disease or syndrome that involves inflammation of small blood vessels in different parts of the body, usually occurring in children. This inflammation of the blood vessels of the skin, intestines, kidneys and joints can lead to the destruction of these blood vessels and their rupture, resulting in blood leakage.

The main symptom of this syndrome is a rash with many small bruises, which have a high appearance on the surface of the skin, mainly on the legs and bad.

Hinoch Schonlane can be transmitted at any age, but is more common in children aged 2 to 11, with men being higher than women. If adults are infected, their injuries will be more serious and more serious than in children.

HSP usually ends within 4-6 weeks, and some symptoms may reappear during this time. Treatment will be necessary if some organs, such as kidneys and intestines, are damaged. It is also important to regularly check with your doctor to avoid serious complications.

The main symptom of this syndrome is a rash with many small bruises, which have a high appearance on the surface of the skin, mainly on the legs and bad.

Hinoch Schonlane can be transmitted at any age, but is more common in children aged 2 to 11, with men being higher than women. If adults are infected, their injuries will be more serious and more serious than in children.

HSP usually ends within 4-6 weeks, and some symptoms may reappear during this time. Treatment will be necessary if some organs, such as kidneys and intestines, are damaged. It is also important to regularly check with your doctor to avoid serious complications.

Causes and risk factors

The exact cause of Henoch Schönlein's hyperventilation has not yet been determined and it is thought that the immune system plays a role in the vascular targeting and pathogenesis of purpura. The immune response to the body's exposure to infection can be a factor in many cases.

In nearly two-thirds of cases, the disease precedes the upper respiratory tract infection and fungal attack occurs several days after the onset of respiratory symptoms.

There have been cases of purpura after vaccination against typhoid, cholera, yellow fever, measles, hepatitis B, and also after the consumption of certain foods, drugs, chemicals and others Some scientists also say HSP is badociated with cold in autumn and winter.

Symptoms of Hinoch Schonline purpura

The symptoms and signs of Henoch Schonline include:

Rashes, joint pain, abdominal pain and kidney disease, including blood in the urine (hematuria). Before starting these symptoms, patients may experience poor symptoms for two to three weeks, such as fever, headache and muscle aches, and other organs, such as the brain, heart and lungs, are rarely achieved.

Rash: The rash usually occurs in all patients with Henoch Schönlein purpura and its appearance may resemble that of hives, with small red spots and bruises on the legs, bad, knees and elbows. The rash is usually bilateral and occurs evenly at both ends of the body. She does not fade when she is in a hurry.

Arthritis: HSPs occur in about three-quarters of cases of inflammation of large joints, such as knees and ankles, and cause pain and swelling. The inflammation usually lasts only a few days, without damaging the affected joint.

Pulmonary Pain: More than half of patients (HSP) have gastrointestinal tract infection, resulting in pain and convulsion in patients, as well as loss of appetite and diarrhea , and sometimes a complaint of blood in the stool.

In some cases, abdominal pain may occur before the onset of rash and, in other rare cases, intussusception occurs, resulting in intestinal obstruction requiring surgical repair.

Renal dysfunction: Henoch Schönlein purpura may cause kidney problems, usually determined by the presence of protein or blood in the urine, which are discovered by laboratory tests and generally cause no discomfort to the patient. patient. Renal failure in most patients is mild because it does not cause long-term kidney problems.

It is necessary to follow the problems of the college, to control them well and to make sure that they are correct. Renal infection will increase in 5% of patients, and about 1% of them will end up with failure or kidney failure.

Diagnostic and treatment methods:

The diagnosis of HSP will be easy and obvious when typical symptoms such as rashes, arthritis and abdominal pain appear. The doctor may request additional tests and tests to confirm the diagnosis and badessment of severity or to exclude other diagnoses.

In some cases, the diagnosis may not be clear, especially if the only symptom is a typical rash, prompting the doctor to perform various biopsies of the skin or kidneys.

Blood and urine tests are also frequently performed to detect signs of kidney damage, if any.

Although there is no specific way to treat Henoch Schonline purpura, we can use painkillers such as acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen. and naproxen for joint pain. And in some cases, use corticosteroids (corticosteroids).

Rashes and arthritis usually disappear after 4 to 6 weeks without causing permanent damage. Rash attacks can recur in about a third of cases, but are usually less severe. The attack does not involve arthritic or abdominal symptoms and is cured of itself.

Read also:

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

The presence of serum globulins in the blood: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Lupus erythematosus: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Phospholipid antibodies syndrome

Translation: Yusuf Al-Junaidi

Audit: Aya Fahmawi

Source

Yousef Al-Junaidi

It is only because of the scholars that they are … guided by those who are guided by the evidence / value of those who have been improved … and by the ignorant scholars of the enemies