4 keys to understanding the agreement with which the European Union wants to deal with the migration crisis

It is a problem that threatens to undermine the union within the European Union (EU) and faces the countries of the south against those of the center and north of the continent: l & # 39; 39; immigration.

Italy and Greece – which are the main points of arrival of the thousands of immigrants trying to enter Europe from Africa and the Middle East – they are irritated because that they feel left alone to tackle the problem.

The countries of northern Europe, meanwhile, blame South for not having patrolled well its Mediterranean borders and for letting immigrants "slip" to the richest countries of the North, such as the Germany, Australia and Sweden.

Divisions threatened the EU, Thursday the President of the European Commission, Jean Claude Juncker, and the case caused "to increase ara the size of the cracks" and "the fragility of the EU".

On Friday, after a marathon session at the European summit in Brussels, continental leaders announced that they had reached an agreement on migration

The Italian Minister of the Interior Matteo Salvini believes that reception centers should be established in African countries. / AFP

2. What other measures have been adopted by the 28 EU Member States?

• Strengthening external border controls, with increased financial support for Turkey and North African countries.
• Explore the possibility of "regional landing platforms" outside the EU where refugees and migrants will be treated, with the aim of ending the smuggling activity of people. However, it is unclear how North African countries will be able to host such "platforms". Morocco rejected the idea Thursday
• Internal measures of member states to prevent migrants from moving from one country to another within the EU
• Redouble Efforts to "avoid the development of new maritime or land routes." To Europe.
• Increased investment in Africa to help the continent achieve "a substantial socio-economic transformation" so that people "do not have to leave their country in search of a better life." [19659021] The asylum in the EU, including changes to the Dublin Regulation, according to which migrants should be considered asylum seekers in the first country that they reach.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel said: "We still have a lot of work to do to overcome the differences. "/ AFP

3. What have other countries said about the" burden sharing "of migrants arriving in Italy and Greece?

Several countries in central Europe, including Hungary and Austria, rejected the EU's plan to relocate the 160,000 refugees They are in overcrowded camps in Greece and Italy.

And German Chancellor Angela Merkel, faces a political crisis in his own government, being in a hurry to solve "the problem" of immigrants trying to reach Germany after To meet the concerns of Germany, the agreement promises to "take all necessary domestic measures, both legislative and administrative," to prevent migrants from moving from one country to another within the EU framework. Europe and try to settle in German territory.

It is not known, however, whether this will be enough to satisfy the critics of Me rkel in his country.And the chancellor said after the meeting: "We still have a lot of work to do to overcome the differences."

Italy is the main destination for people rescued from overcrowded ships leaving Libya. / Getty Images

4. Has the number of people trying to enter Europe illegally increased?

The number of immigrants arriving on the coasts of the EU, which includes people fleeing the war in Syria and other conflicts in Africa, has declined.

According to the data of the International Organization for Migration, during the third quarter of 2017, 146,287 arrivals were recorded in Europe, of which 137,771 were by sea.

This figure is less than half of the total recorded at the end of September 2016.

However, although the number has decreased, the tolerance of governments and citizens for the problem seems to have diminished

. Throughout Europe, movements and politicians have fiercely opposed migration, such as Hungarian Prime Minister Victor Orban, politician Janez Jansa in Slovenia and Austrian Chancellor Sebastian Kurz, who will take over this Sunday. President of the EU Council and who said that the issue of migration would be "his main priority".