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Like many previous studies, JAMA Internal Medicine found that people who drank coffee were less likely to die from any cause – and more specifically to die from heart disease or of a cancer – during the study
GOOD NEWS. The study contains good news for people who drink a lot of coffee. StudioByTheSea / Shutterstock
There is only one thing better than a good cup of coffee in the morning: a new research paper tells you that your daily habits are good for your health . This week's headlines featured good news from the journal JAMA Internal Medicine :
Like many previous studies, JAMA found that people who drank coffee were less likely to die from whatever cause it is. die of heart disease and cancer – during the course of the study.
But this study shows only a correlation between drinking coffee and a lower risk of premature death. It does not show coffee was the cause lower risk.
Read more: Eliminating confusion between correlation and causality
Research is important, however, because it reverses the theory that people People who drink 6 or more glasses of coffee a day are more likely to die prematurely. This question has not been addressed effectively in previous studies
How was the research conducted?
This was a prospective trial that followed nearly half a million British residents over 10 years. UK Biobank study.
In a prospective trial, subjects are recruited and their health and illness are tracked over time. We have a good idea of the health with which they had to start. We also have a good idea of other factors that could impact their health from the start, rather than trying to rebuild them after developing an illness.
In a basic questionnaire, subjects gave detailed answers to coffee consumption. how often, what types of coffee and caffeine or decaffeinated), as well as other factors such as alcohol, tea, race, education, physical activity, l & rsquo; Body mass index (BMI) and smoking (intensity, type of tobacco and time elapsed since the end).
The volunteers were all genotyped to determine their genetic variations of the major caffeine metabolizing enzymes.
The health status of the participants was followed during the study and, if they died, their cause of death was determined by the National Health Service.
Read more: Sorry, baristas: instant coffee has the smallest carbon footprint (but does not fill the kettle too much)
What did they find?
After taking into account factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption, researchers found that fewer coffee drinkers died than those who did not drink coffee during the study period of 10 years
. They are likely to die of heart disease, cancer and other causes during the period studied as coffee drinkers.
Compared to coffee drinkers, those who consume a cup of coffee a day have 8% eath; this increased to a 16% lower risk for those who drank 6 cups a day. People who drank up to 8 cups of coffee a day were 14% less likely to die prematurely than drinkers who did not drink coffee
This trend was observed for all types of coffee, including coffee. instant coffee and decaffeinated coffee
Health check: does caffeine cause dehydration?
The researchers found that drinking 6 or more glasses of coffee a day was not associated with an increased risk of death. While some previous studies had alluded to this (see here and here) the relationship was still uncertain. The current study is the most comprehensive exploration of high coffee consumption so far.
They also found that people with a history of cancer, diabetes, heart attack, or stroke were not at higher risk of death
Finally, and most importantly, researchers found that people who were less able to break down caffeine did not run a higher risk of death.
EXPLANATION. We do not know exactly why coffee is related to longevity, but there are plausible explanations. Rawpixel
Previously, researchers had thought that people who break down caffeine more slowly would have higher risks of heart disease because they had higher levels of caffeine in their blood than the average person.
What does all this mean?
As for previous studies, this is a correlation study. Thus, although there was an association between coffee consumption and a lower risk of death, we still can not say that coffee was the cause of the lower risk of death.
There may be another environmental variable not taken into account. Coffee consumption can lead to more walking, for example, which has not been taken into account in lifestyle questionnaires.
But the plausible coffee causes a lower mortality risk. While coffee is most noticeable for its caffeine content, it also contains a host of antioxidants such as caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, which could have beneficial effects on health
. those who drank decaffeinated coffee. Decaf has also been effective in reducing the risk of heart disease in other studies.
Despite a recent US court ruling, coffee companies in California must wear cancer warning labels, this study supports earlier research that coffee consumption protects against cancer. the colon and the liver.
Read more: Checked: Does coffee cause cancer?
It is also thought that coffee consumption protects against type 2 diabetes, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. However, the effect of coffee consumption is modest and should not replace other factors such as diet and exercise.
On the other hand, women who drink coffee may have an increased risk of fracture.
The JAMA study this week might not be enough reason to start drinking coffee, but if you like the drink, you do not need to worry about having a drink other cup. – Ian Musgrave
Peer Review at the Blind
This is a fair and equitable evaluation. Although this is an observational study, it is always good news for coffee drinkers. It is unlikely that we will have a large randomized controlled trial that can really answer this question of causality.
One of the limitations of the study, described in the paper, is that the researchers simply asked the participants to check which type of They drink mostly coffee. So there may be a misclassification of people who regularly drink more than one type of coffee. – Clare Collins / The Conversation | Rappler.com
Read more: Health Check: Four Reasons to Have Another Cup of Coffee
The Conversation
Research Checks questions recently published studies and how they are reported in the media. The analysis is done by an academic who is not involved in the study and reviewed by another, to make sure that it is accurate.
Ian Musgrave, Senior Lecturer in Pharmacology at the University of Adelaide [19659006] This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article
Declaration of Disclosure
Ian Musgrave has already received funding from the National Council for Medical and Medical Research to study the effects unwanted herbal medicines and has already been funded by the Australian Research Council to study potential treatments for natural products for Alzheimer's disease. He has collaborated with SA water on studies of cyanobacterial toxins and their implications for the quality of drinking water. Although he is a coffee lover, he has no financial ties to a coffee company.
Clare Collins is affiliated with the Center for Priority Research on Physical Activity and Nutrition of the University of Newcastle. , NSW. She is NHMRC Principal Investigator and Gladys M Brawn Scholar. She has received research grants from the NHMRC, the ARC, the Hunter Medical Research Institute, Meat and Livestock Australia, Diabetes Australia, the Heart Foundation, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. , from the foundation nib. She has consulted SHINE Australia, Novo Nordisk, Quality Bakers, the Sax Institute and the ABC. She has been a member of the team doing systematic reviews to inform the update of the Australian Dietary Guidelines and Examination of the 2017 evidence on dietary habits of the Canadian Diabetes Foundation. heart.
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