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Exoplanets are planets that lie beyond our own solar system and revolve around other stars at light-years away. Over the past two decades, thousands have been discovered, most of them with the NASA Kepler Space Telescope. Many of these planets take the namesake of this telescope – the Kepler-10b was one of the first confirmed telluric planets to be discovered outside our solar system. He is incredibly close to his star Kepler 10. The discovery of this planet has excited scientists because it was the first confirmation of an exoplanet
Geoff Marcy, a pioneering scientist in the exoplanets said the discovery : "Among the most profound scientific discoveries in human history … it's a bridge between the giant gas planets we found and the earth itself."
NASA's Kepler mission has already identified more than potential exoplanets – Discoveries are expected to continue to grow over time.
These newly discovered worlds are available in a variety of materials and orbits: some are gargantuan gaseous worlds that eclipse Jupiter, others, rocky and icy barely exceed their roaring suns. NASA and other space agencies are interested in discovering a variety of planets, but such a kind has also aroused their interest – the planets in the habitable zone where the oceans of liquid water could be formed. The limits of what is livable and what is even possible in the universe seem to change everyday. Strange compositions that we thought impossible were discovered all the time and with an average estimate of 1,000 billion planets in our galaxy alone, we did not even start scratching the surface.
These 10 exoplanets are indicative of this novelty.
HD 209458b: Osiris
This planet has a number of early discoveries. Scientists have discovered that it is the only planet currently outside the solar system to have detectable oxygen and carbon in its atmosphere. Its parent star is 150 light years from Earth in the constellation Pegasus. Named after the Egyptian god who lost a part of his body, Osiris revolves around his sun at only 4 million miles
The burned planet evaporates at such a rapid rate that scientists start to create a new classification of exoplanets called chthonians. planets. This nomenclature comes from infernal Greek deities and from H.P. The subsequent use of Lovecraft for its space monsters. It is probably a dead nucleus of a completely evaporated gaseous planet.
Kepler-16b: Tatooine
The astronomer's research once posed the question of the possibility of a circumbinary planet, that is, stars. In homage to Luke Skywalker's home planet in Star Wars, Kepler-16b is nicknamed Tatooine. While Skywalker's home world was habitable, this planet is cold, gaseous and probably can not harbor life.
It is 200 light years from Earth. The discovery of a circumbinary planet was suggested and then confirmed by observing the brightness of the double star system which is attenuated by the passage of a planet before it. While the habitable zone is excluded from this planet, Kepler's principal investigator, William Borucki, said:
"This discovery confirms a new class of planetary systems that could shelter life … Since most Stars The galaxy is part of a binary system, which means that the life possibilities are much wider than if the planets only form unique stars. This discovery staked out confirms a theory that scientists have had for decades but that she has not been able to prove up to now. "-22b: New Earth
One of Kepler's most promising and oldest discoveries is the Kepler 22b. At 600 light-years from Earth, it is twice the size of the Earth and should have temperatures around 72 degrees Fahrenheit.This planet is considered a "super-Earth" and is in the habitable zone of its star Its star is in the constellations Lyra and Cygnus and shines 25% less brilliant than our sun.
Scientists believe that the planet may have a rocky core and be covered in an ocean like Neptune. But life on the planet is not out of the question yet. Kepler's Deputy Chief Science Officer stated that "this is not beyond the realm of the possibility that life can exist in such an ocean."
PSR B1620-26 b: Methuselah
One of the oldest planets far, Methuselah is 2.5 times the mass of Jupiter. It's also another planet that revolves around two stars. 12.7 billion years ago, this exoplanet comes at the top of the aging ladder. Interestingly, the two stars that orbit are dead stars burned. It is 12,400 light-years away in the constellation Scorpius.
In the beginning, scientists did not know whether to classify it as a brown dwarf or a planet. Since it's been created about 1 billion years after the big bang, astronomers have concluded that planets are not a rare phenomenon and that the primitive universe covered them everywhere
. -2b: Coal Black
Found during the Transatlantic Exoplanet Survey, TrES-2b is one of the darkest planets we have ever seen. Of the same size as Jupiter, this black coal planet is less reflective than black acrylic paint. Jupiter, on the other hand, reflects more than a third of the sunlight that reaches it.
TrEs-2b is also burning as it orbits its star just three million miles away. It is not clear what makes the planet so dark. There are shades of red that emit a faint glow. The darkened planet is 750 light-years away in the constellation Draco.
Kepler 452b: Cousin of the Earth
A planet closer to Earth floats about 500 light-years from our planet. It does not exceed 10% more than the size of the Earth. It encircles a red dwarf star with a 130-day orbit. A smaller planet is more likely to shelter and support life, especially within the livable area.
The inhabitants of this planet would feel about twice as heavy as on earth. The planet is much older than our sun and its clocks date back to around 6 billion years ago. There is no confirmation if the planet is rocky or gaseous.
Proxima b: Near the Home
One of our closest star systems known as Proxima Centauri unveiled its planet a few years ago. A planet roughly the size of the Earth orbiting our nearest neighbor, Proxima B is the closest exoplanet we've ever found in the habitable zone. There are some caveats to its livability potential. For one, it orbits a dwarf-red star that is much cooler than our sun. It is also likely that the planet is closely related to the star, similar to our moon. This would subject him to stellar eruptions.
Scott Gaudi, professor of astronomy at Ohio State University, said: "This thing is bombarded with a good amount of high-energy radiation, which is not obvious if the magnetic field is strong enough to prevent But these are very difficult calculations, and I certainly would not put my money aside. "
Despite the unknowns, this discovery was an important springboard for finding Exoplanets near our courtyard of the galaxy A planet the size of the earth so close to home gives us hope for future discoveries.
TRAPPIST-1f: Seven Wonders
A system of exoplanets called TRAPPIST-1 so named for The Transitory Planets and Planetesimals Small Telescope, located a system of seven planets all in the habitable zone and relativemen t close to us on a galactic scale. Just 40 light-years from the constellation Aquarius, TRAPPIST-1f is one of seven wonders of a rocky planet that could have liquid water.
This discovery sets a new record for most planets in a living zone in orbit. a star outside our own solar system. There is a potentiality that all these seven planets could have liquid water
GJ 504 b: Pure Rose
NASA scientists have discovered one of the youngest planets and the more interesting of GJ 504 b. At only 57 light-years from Earth, it is thought that the exoplanet only has 100 to 200 million years. Glimpses of this planet give astronomers a first-hand look at the planet's development. According to the infrared cameras, it's a deep shade of pink. Michael McElwain, who was part of the Discovery Team, said: "If we could travel to this giant planet, we would see a world still glowing with the warmth of its formation with a color reminiscent of a dark cherry blossom, a dull magenta. "According to current models, gas giants typically form in a certain range of their host star. GJ 504, the pink wonder goes far beyond the established range.
55 Cancri e: Hellfire Earth
Initially dubbed the "diamond planet", this burning rocky planet orbits its sun in 14 days. It has a temperature of 4900 degrees Fahrenheit. Scientists who first discovered it suggested that it was entirely composed of diamonds and graphite. Although this interpretation has lost all favor, it remains an interesting planet because of its density and its proximity to its host star. The planet is 40 light years away.
It is also thought that the planet has lava flows and twice the size of the Earth. Renyu Hu of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory said that "if there is lava on this planet, it should cover the entire surface … But the lava would be hidden from our view by the thick atmosphere."
debate, the potentially carbon-rich planet with such high temperatures and pressure could contain a large amount of diamonds in its interior.
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