Quasar, 13, is the most brilliant object ever seen in the primitive universe

Researchers have spotted a 13-billion-year-old quasar that spews plasma jets at high speed, making it the # 1 39, the most brilliant object ever seen.

A team led by astrophysicist Eduardo Bañados of the Carnegie Institution for Science in California spotted for the first time the object ejecting jets of matter at the speed of light .

Other observations made by Emmanuel Momjian. discovery

The unprecedented discovery could help experts studying the early stages of the universe understand what happened during the transition from the Big Bang

What Is A Quasar?

Quasars were identified more than 50 years ago. supermassive black holes located in the heart of galaxies. These black holes consume a huge amount of material, much of which accumulates in a disk around the black hole

. This is called an accretion disk, which contains gas and dust surrounding the black hole at extremely high speeds. High-speed motion coupled with the strong gravitational pull of the black hole creates friction. This causes the black hole to release a powerful stream of matter moving near the speed of light.

These jets are extremely bright when viewed in optical and radio frequencies, allowing observers on Earth to identify their sources and identify their sources. The use of the 6.5-meter Magellan telescopes from the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile and the Very Long Baseline Array of NRAO operated from Socorro in New Mexico allowed the two teams of researchers to Identify the quasar called PSO J352. .4034-15.3373. It is also called P352-15.

Although quasars are the brightest objects in the universe, only 10% of them have strong radio broadcasts. P352-15 is one of those rare species of quasars, making it the first quasar of the first billion years of the universe to emit radio waves

The researchers found that the visible light of the Quasar took 13 billion years to reach Earth. This means that the quasar goes back to a time when the universe accounted for only 7% of its current age.

"There is a shortage of powerful radio transmitters known to the youth of the universe," says Bañados. Transition of the Big Bang

Scientists say that the quasar could serve as an important tool that will help them to look into what the so-called dark ages of the universe.

It is widely accepted that the universe has come to be with the Big Bang, which began as a small singularity that has turned into a hot soup of rapidly expanding energy particles. .

As the particles cools, they melt neutral hydrogen. This left the universe without light sources, until the gravitational force brought matter together and created the first stars and galaxies.

About 800 million years after the Big Bang, the energy of the first galaxies re – ionizes neutral hydrogen.

"Further observations could allow us to use this quasar as" bottom lamp "to measure the amount of neutral hydrogen remaining at that time," says Chris Carilli of NRAO

Quasar. Three-component

P352-15 is divided into three components. There are two possible explanations for this:

The first is that the black hole is at one end and the other components at one end. The other explanation is that the black hole is in the center with two lower power jets on each side.

The optical observations of the quasar show that the black hole aligns with one of the components, making the first explanation more plausible. By analyzing the unilateral jet, researchers say that it is possible to measure how fast it is growing over the years.

"This quasar may be the farthest object in which one could measure the speed of such a jet," says Momjian

The research is published as two separate articles in The Astrophysical Journal

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