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December 1st is World AIDS Day, a date set 30 years ago by the World Health Organization (WHO) with the support of the United Nations. With the expansion of access to tests and the reduction in the time between diagnosis and the start of treatment in Brazil, there are reasons to rejoice. According to the State Department of Health, between 2011 and 2017, the detection rate and death rate from AIDS have decreased by 34% in Santa Catarina.
The data are part of the newsletter prepared by the Department of STIs, AIDS and Viral Hepatitis of the Ministry of Health and demonstrate the result of the efforts of all states and municipalities in the fight against HIV / AIDS.
Currently, according to the IST Department, the Department of Surveillance of HIV / AIDS and Viral Hepatitis of DIVE / SC (Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance of Santa Catarina), about 38,413 people are living with the HIV virus in the 39 State and, on average, 2,000 new cases of HIV infection are recorded each year.
HIV infection
In Santa Catarina, from 2007 to June 2018, 11,234 cases of HIV infection were reported in the SINAN (Notifiable Disease Information System), mostly for men, with a sex ratio of about 2.3 (M: F), or 23 men for every 10 women.
With regard to age, most infections affect young people between the ages of 20 and 34 (54.5% of cases). For individuals over the age of 13, depending on the exposure category, it was found that, in men, approximately 51.4% were due to homosexual or bisexual exposure, 40.8% to an exposure. heterosexual and 2.5%. injecting drug users. Of the women, 92.7% were due to heterosexual exposure and 1.4% were injecting drug users.
>> Ministry of Health says AIDS cases and deaths are 16% lower
HIV infection in pregnant women
During the period from 2000 to June 2018, 8,121 pregnant women infected with HIV were reported in Santa Catarina. The screening rate of HIV-positive pregnant women has stabilized during this period, ranging from 5.1 cases / 1,000 live births in 2006 to 5.2 cases / 1,000 live births in 2017. In comparison with other states, Santa Catarina (52.2 / 1000 live), behind Rio Grande do Sul (9.5 / 1000 live births) and above the national average (2.8 cases / 1000 live births) . Although it is almost double the national average, the rate of detection of HIV-positive pregnant women may be represented by the advance of HIV diagnosis during the prenatal period in the state, mainly from 2014, with the implementation of the rapid test in the stork network. .
AIDS cases in children under five
From 1980 to June 2018, 1,036 cases of children under five years of age with AIDS were reported, a number that has declined over the years. In 2017, six children under five years of age with AIDS were notified, representing a detection rate of 1.4 cases per 100,000 population, one of the lowest in the States and below the national rate ( 2.0 cases / 100,000 inhabitants). In 2015, there were 16 cases (3.6 cases / 100,000 inhabitants) and in 2016, 11 cases (2.5 / 100,000 inhabitants), which shows a downward trend of this indicator over the years.
AIDS case
From 1980 to June 2018, 47,461 AIDS cases were reported in Santa Catarina. The detection rate, which was already 40.5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2011, while the state had the second highest detection rate among states, behind Rio Grande do Sul (43.6%). case / 100,000 inhabitants). ), has decreased over the years. In 2017, the rate of detection of AIDS in Santa Catarina was 26.8 cases / 100,000 inhabitants, a decrease of 34% between 2011 and 2017. The State ended up occupying the fifth place among the the Federation with higher detection rates of AIDS, behind Roraima (36.8), Amapá (29.8), Rio Grande do Sul (29.4) and Amazonas (28.6).
Mortality by the helpers
In Santa Catarina, between 1980 and 2017, 12,598 deaths were recorded, HIV / AIDS being the root cause. The AIDS mortality rate in the state has increased from 7.7 deaths per 100,000 population in 2011 to 5.7 deaths per 100,000 population in 2017. This represents a 26% reduction in the mortality rate, which shows that more and more people have early diagnosis, followed by HIV treatment and, as a result, new cases of AIDS, decreased mortality and quality of life.
Prevention
DIVE / SC is alerting the population to the importance of prevention and early diagnosis of HIV / AIDS. Combined prevention is a strategy that simultaneously uses different prevention approaches, the biomedical approach, which deals with physical barrier actions (condoms), behavioral application where it is necessary to disseminate information intended for the population and the cultural partner. which must be actions for the specific populations.
Declaration of Paris
In June of this year, the Government of Santa Catarina and the twelve municipalities that are part of the Inter-Federal Cooperation to Address the HIV / AIDS Situation signed the Paris Declaration. Through all of this, they committed themselves to accelerate local efforts to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Among the measures to be taken is the implementation of the UNAIDS program. United Nations on HIV / AIDS) 90-90-90. means to have, by 2020: 90% of people living with HIV aware of their diagnosis; 90% of HIV-positive people on antiretroviral therapy; and 90% of those treated receive a reduction in their viral load, remain healthy and reduce the risk of HIV transmission.
The municipalities that are part of the inter-federate cooperation against HIV / AIDS are: Florianópolis, São José, Palhoça, Itajaí, Balneário Camboriú, Joinville, Blumenau, Brusque, Chapecó, Lages, Criciúma and Jaraguá do Sul.
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