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This Friday, July 6, Earth will be farther from the Sun than any other day in 2018.
That day, the planet will reach its aphelion, a word of Greek origin that means "far away". "
" The aphelion is the point of orbit around the Sun in which the Earth is farther from the star and perihelion (which means "near the Sun") is just the contrary, the point of the orbit "Nayra Rodríguez Eugenio, astrophysicist and professor at the Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands in Tenerife, Spain."
"In perihelion, the Sun has about 147 million inhabitants, far from the Earth, in the aphelion is about 152 million kilometers from the Sun."
The distance varies because the Earth's orbit around the Sun is not a perfect but elliptical circumference.
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Aphelion occurs annually between July 2nd and 7th. Perihelion was January 3rd.
The Earth will reach its greatest distance from the Sun on July 6 at 17:46 GMT, while the planet and its star will be at 152,095,566 km from each other
The greater distance translates into a greater low speed of orbit
As indicated by one of Kepler's laws (on planetary movements, formulated by the German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler in the seventeenth century), when the planets are close to the sun, they move faster than when they are far away
The orbital translation speed will be 103,536 kilometers per hour, more than 7,000 kilometers less per hour than the speed of perihelion.
Seasons of the Year
The reductions or increase in the speed of the Earth in the road around the Sun have nothing to do with the variations temperature and climate of the seasons.
"The seasons come by tilting the axis of rotation of the Earth relative to the orbiting plane around the Sun., which we call" ecliptic ", said Rodríguez Eugenio
"This axis is inclined at about 23.5 degrees, so when we are in summer in the northern hemisphere, the north axis, or north pole of the Earth, is more pointed towards the sun. In winter, our north pole is pointing in the opposite direction – not exactly the opposite, about 23.5 degrees, but it is pointing in the opposite direction to the Sun. "
More water in the southern hemisphere
The summer of the northern hemisphere coincides with the aphelion," but we get more solar radiation here in the Northern Hemisphere because the sun is higher on the horizon and we have more hours of sunshine ", says Astrophysics.
In the Hemisphere South, summer coincides with "
" This could make us think that in the southern hemisphere, the temperature increases more than north in summer because, besides the slope, the Earth is also closer to the Sun, "said Rodríguez Eugenio. it is not what happens.
What is happening is that "in the" This seems to be due to the fact that the earth warms more easily than water and, as in the southern hemisphere, it there is more water, and so the temperature does not increase as much, "she says.
has a greater proportion of her territory covered by water, the excess energy is absorbed by it. "
So in summer, both in the southern hemisphere and in the north, the temperature is pretty much the same," says astrophysics.
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