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Dark matter has remained an elusive topic for physicists and researchers.
It is thought that it represents more than 25% of our universe, but it can not be observed directly. Until now, it can only be detected because its gravity controls the shape of distant galaxies.
The work of two theoretical physicists from the University of California at Davis could change our knowledge of dark matter. They claim to have found a new component in dark matter and how to detect it.
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Their work was presented on June 6 at the Planck 2019 conference in Granada, Spain.
What do we know about dark matter?
Physicists have long believed that dark matter consists of massive, weakly interacting particles. However, even after years of research, WIMPs have not been detected.
"We still do not know what dark matter is," said John Terning, professor of physics at UC Davis and co-author of the article.
"The main candidate for a long time was the WIMP, but it seems to be almost totally excluded."
As a model of dark matter, the final runner is a form of "dark electromagnetism" that includes "dark photons" and other particles.
In this new research, Terning and his co-investigator Christopher Verhaaren added a new component: a dark magnetic "monopole" that interacts with the dark photon.
What is a monopoly?
In simple terms, it is a particle that looks like a side of a magnet. It is assumed that monopoly in quantum theory exists but has not yet been observed in an experiment.
What Terning and Verhaaren suggest is that dark monopolies would eventually interact with dark photons and electrons in the same way that theory predicts that electrons and photons interact with monopolies.
How will dark matter be detected now?
This new theory suggests a way to detect these dark particles.
It has been previously suggested that an electron moving in a circular motion by a monopole would react and alter its wave function. By going through the monopoly, it ends up being slightly out of phase, by the time it reaches the other side.
Terning and Verhaaren think that a dark monopole can be detected because of the way it moves the phase of the electrons in transit.
"It's a new type of dark matter, but a new way of looking for it is also proposed," Terning said.
The research is still ongoing, so we will have to stay patient until we know the true truth of "dark matter".
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