4.5 billion years … the discovery of diamonds from the heart of the earth

10h02 16.08.2019(Updated at 10:09 on 16.08.2019) Copy link

The researchers discovered an ancient diamond stock near the heart of the Earth, more than 410 km away, before resurfacing due to a violent volcanic eruption.

According to researchers, diamond stocks have remained near the Earth's axis for more than 4.5 billion years, before the moon's formation, but have surfaced because of the violent eruption volcanic in the Joina region of Brazil, according to "Sky News".

A group of international scientists has measured helium isotopes, various atomic forms of helium, in diamonds discovered in search of a rocky area as old as Earth, according to a study published in the Science magazine.

It should be noted that more than 1365 pieces of diamonds have been found from this area near the axis and the heart of the earth.

The researchers say:

Diamonds were an "ideal time capsule" that allowed them to better understand the turbulent period shortly after the formation of the planet, all the more so as it contained a fossilized liquid inside. .

During this period, there was so much geological activity that there was nothing left of the original structure of the Earth.

However, despite all this change, it has long been suspected that there is an area of ​​the "mantle" somewhere between the "crust" and the heart of the earth, which was relatively agitated and of which there was present) no trace.

However, early clues emerged in the 1980s when scientists noticed that some basaltic lavas from some sites, such as the Brazilian site of Joina, contained a helium isotope ratio of 3 on helium. -4 higher than usual.

What is particularly interesting, is that this report reflects the proportion of isotopes on the first meteorites that crashed on Earth, suggesting that the source of this lava is a deep region of the Earth that has not changed for billions of years.

Suzette Timmerman, head of the research team at the Australian National University, said:

This model has been observed in Ocean Island basalt, a lava emerging from the depths of the earth, forming islands such as Hawaii and Iceland.

She added that the problem is that, despite the appearance of this basalt on the surface "we see only a glimpse of its history … We do not know much about the region of the mantle from which this melted basalt. "