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Egypt signed a peace accord with Israel in 1979, followed by Jordan in 1994. Mauritania was the third Arab country to have ties with Israel, but froze it in 2009 in response to the Gaza war in 2008 and 2009, then in March 2010, she announced “to cut relations”. Finally, “with Israel, according to Reuters.
About 1,203 Palestinians, including 698 civilians and 13 Israelis, including 10 officers, were killed, according to official statistics cited by Reuters in a January 2009 report following the announcement of the ceasefire.
In the following we review the timeline of these events.
(According to official statements and media reports)
August 13, 2020: US President Donald Trump announced in a joint statement with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi Mohammed bin Zayed that Israel and the United Arab Emirates have reached an agreement to establish formal relations between them.
August 31, 2020: The first direct commercial flight arrived in the Emirates from Israel, with a delegation comprising officials from Israel and the United States led by Jared Kushner, the adviser to the American president.
September 11, 2020: The US president announced that Israel and Bahrain had reached a “historic” agreement to establish full relations between them.
September 15, 2020: At the White House in Washington, the peace treaty between the United Arab Emirates and Israel and the declaration of support for peace between Bahrain and Israel were signed, and thus the two Gulf States became the first two countries of the Middle East to recognize Israel in 26 years.
October 18, 2020: An Israeli delegation, accompanied by the US Secretary of the Treasury, arrived in Bahrain on the first direct flight from Tel Aviv to Manama, and the two countries signed 7 memoranda of understanding for the establishment of diplomatic and trade relations.
October 23, 2020: The US president announced that Sudan had agreed to normalize relations with Israel and establish economic and trade relations with them, after Trump removed Sudan from the US list of countries sponsoring terrorism.
November 18, 2020: Bahraini Foreign Minister Abdul Latif Al-Zayani visited Israel and agreed with his Israeli counterpart to exchange embassies in the capitals of the two countries and to grant travel visas to their citizens, to from the end of the year.
November 23, 2020: The first Israeli delegation visited Sudan after the announcement of the normalization of relations between the two countries.
December 10, 2020: The US president announced that Morocco and Israel had decided to resume diplomatic relations between them in an agreement that included the US recognition of Morocco’s sovereignty over Western Sahara.
December 22, 2020: The first direct flight was from Tel Aviv to Rabat, carrying a joint US-Israel delegation led by US Presidential Advisor Kushner and Israeli National Security Advisor Meir Ben Shabat to discuss agreements to normalize relations between the Morocco and Israel.
(Prepared by: Maryam Abdel-Ghani, Maryam previously worked for several media organizations, including the Egyptian Voices website of the Thomson Reuters Foundation and Al-Ghad Al-Arabi TV)
(Edited by: Yasmine Saleh, for contact: [email protected])
Zawya Arabi covers economic news and analysis on the Middle East and the Persian Gulf from Sunday to Thursday and uses plain Arabic.
© ZAWYA 2020
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