Egyptian scientist reveals hereditary diseases early

It should be noted that genomics is one of the branches of genetics related to the study of the genome, that is, all of the genetic material within various organisms.

The field includes intensive efforts to completely determine the DNA sequence and precise mapping of the genome. This specialization also includes the study of a number of phenomena that occur in the genome.

The human genome is all the genetic material made up of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

The human genome contains between 20 and 25,000 genes (genes) present in the cell nucleus and arranged in the form of twenty-three pairs of chromosomes (or chromosomes).

The genome studies the genetic sequences of the genes that make up the human cell to discover their defects.

Dr Haitham Shaaban told Sky News Arabia that his research had found a way by which, using a small microscope and a computer, only living human cells could be examined and the composition of their cells. genomes and the genetic sequence inside to discover the possibility of their disease infection or not.

Shaaban explains that prior to his research, “all currently approved methods study dead cells. As for what he found, it is considered a breakthrough because it will lead in the future to study the possibility that healthy living cells are infected with a disease or not by studying their genetic makeup which did not exist before ” .

The famous magazine “Genome” said that Shaban’s research provides for the first time a technique to visualize the movement of the genome in a living human cell with nanometric precision, adding: “This technique was developed by integrating light microscopy fluorescent to one of the artificial intelligence methods to map the dynamic interactions of genetic material and its interaction with accompanying proteins. “

Shaban mentioned that this technique has been applied to human cancer cells to create a dynamic fingerprint that identifies the differences between a healthy cell and a cancer cell.

He explained that what is new about this technique is that it provides a detailed map of the movement and interaction of the genome at the level of a cell, allowing any defect or gap between cells to be revealed. from the same tissue, adding: “In addition, this technique provides for the first time an advanced mathematical method to calculate the physical properties of the genome with nanometric precision. This makes it possible to distinguish the differences within the same cell at the level of a gene, which makes it easier to distinguish the different genes and to know their genetic sequences and their predisposition to the disease or not.

Via living cells

He continued, “It can be simplified for people that the genome is the control center of cells, and that it’s the nucleus that carries all the genetic and functional information or any other information about it, and in the past. or in the current situation, there was no way to reveal this information inside living cells, but it is done on dead cells that were infected. ” Getting sick and getting sick, which is also very expensive.

And he added: “My new method has overcome all this and achieved all the information about the living cell at a small price and when it is finally approved it will be available to everyone, and not only, but this technology will add new ones. dimensions to understanding the mechanism of genome regulation in healthy and diseased cells and explaining the difference between them is expected. Using this technology to diagnose inherited genetic diseases and personalized medicine. “

He concluded: “The story is not simple, but it is very huge and the importance of this disclosure is that a gene can produce many diseases, because the cell contains thousands of genes and genes, including each one specializes in producing a specific protein, and the defect leads to a defect in the protein, which leads to multiple diseases such as cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease and others. … and the new method will allow us to discover possible flaws early in the future to develop a defense plan that protects a person from contracting diseases resulting from a genetic or hereditary defect. “

According to the biography of Dr Haitham Shaban, he is currently working as a researcher at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, and he is a researcher in the Physical Research Division of the National Research Center in Cairo.

Before joining the Swiss Federal Institute, he worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Harvard University, as a researcher at the French National Center for Scientific Research at the University of Toulouse and as a visiting researcher at the University of Oxford, UK.

In 2015, Shaaban obtained a double doctorate in physics of optics and photonics from the University of Aix-Marseille in France and the University of Florence, Italy, in the development of ultra-thin optical microscopes. .