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Schizophrenia, a serious mental illness, infected by about 1% of Americans. People can hear sounds, see imaginary scenes, or believe that others are controlling their thoughts. These sensations can frighten the patient and lead to strange behaviors.
Although there is no cure confirmed, available treatments can treat the most serious symptoms.
Contrary to popular belief, schizophrenia is not the same as a disorder of multiple personality.
symptoms:
Symptoms include hallucinations: hearing or seeing false things, illusions: misconceptions and staying in the same place for a very long time. Some other signs include not enjoying everyday life and withdrawing from social activities, which can trigger depression.
Its impact on ideas:
People with schizophrenia may have difficulty organizing their thoughts or establishing logical relationships. They may feel that their mind is jumping from an idea that is not connected to each other and that they sometimes have the "idea to withdraw", the feeling that their Ideas are taken away from them, When the flow of ideas suddenly stops.
Effects on behavior:
The disease has a significant impact in many directions: patients may say nothing, look confused, have no expression, and many have difficulty maintaining or cleaning their homes. Despite the rumor, the risk of committing acts of violence against others is simple.
People at risk:
Anyone exposed to schizophrenia is common among men and women and between ethnic groups. Symptoms usually begin between the ages of 16 and 30, and the first symptoms may appear weeks, months, or even years before psychosis begins. Statistics show that men are infected earlier than women and rarely start in childhood or after 45 years.
Causes of the disease:
Scientists have not discovered why the disease could be caused by genes, events or places, but by the efficiency and activity of certain areas of the brain, as well as by problems of brain chemistry such as dopamine and glutamate.
The way doctors diagnose the disease:
Because there is no laboratory test to detect schizophrenia, physicians usually rely on the patient's medical history. The first period of onset of symptoms can last for days, weeks, or even years, and sometimes it can be difficult to diagnose because there is usually no prefix but accompanies it. some hidden behaviors, especially among teens like withdrawal from social groups and the expression of unusual doubts enough to diagnose the disease.
Drugs of treatment:
Medications can reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia, such as abnormal thoughts, hallucinations and delusions. Some people also have uncomfortable side effects, including tremors and weight gain.
The role of treatment:
Medical counsel can help patients develop better ways to identify and treat their behaviors and ideas, and improve their relationships with others. The faster the treatment, the better. In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, patients learn to test the reality of their thoughts and better control the symptoms of the disease, while other therapies aim to improve personal care skills, communication and relationships. .
Schizophrenic rehabilitation programs teach them how to do their daily tasks, such as using public transportation, money management, shopping, looking for or keeping a job. These programs work best when integrated with specialized care, including drug therapy and social services.
Carry on:
People with schizophrenia stop taking medication because of side effects or lack of understanding of their disease, which can cause severe symptoms that can lead to a psychotic episode (loss of connection with reality). Regular counseling can help patients engage in treatment and avoid relapses or hospitalizations.
Challenges in action:
People with schizophrenia often have difficulty finding or keeping a job. Partly because the disease affects thinking, concentration and communication, but the fact that the symptoms begin in adulthood, when many people start their careers. Vocational rehabilitation can help patients develop their functional skills.
Patient I hate:
Relationships can be difficult for patients with schizophrenia, but their unusual thoughts and behaviors can keep friends, colleagues, and family members. Treatment can help them form and protect their relationships. If you are close to a sick person, consider joining a support group or seeking advice yourself so you can help it.
Schizophrenia and drugs:
People with schizophrenia are much more likely than others to have alcohol or drugs, and some may even make them like marijuana and cocaine.
Pre-pregnancy counseling:
Women with the disease who are planning a pregnancy should consult their doctor to make sure that the drugs they consume do not harm the pregnancy. Studies on the safety of schizophrenia during pregnancy are encouraging. Although there is no specific link between schizophrenia medications and congenital anomalies or serious complications of pregnancy, it is important to consult your doctor first.
Prevention of relapse:
It may be difficult to convince someone with schizophrenia to seek help, but treatment often starts when the patient sleeps in the hospital after a psychotic episode. If it stabilizes, family members should take the following steps to avoid relapse: Encourage patients to continue taking medication, theirs, with support and responsibility.
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