Psychological and Neurological Problems Ending with Eating Disorders

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines "malnutrition" as the state of consumption of food or food ingredients inadequately, overcrowded or unbalanced. According to FAO, malnutrition is the biggest threat to the world's rich and poor.
Dr. Khaled Ali Al-Madani, Nutrition Consultant and Vice President of the Saudi Society for Food and Nutrition and Board Member of the International Institute of Life Sciences from the Middle East, explained that the body needed all the nutrients in a sufficient and balanced way to build and carry out metabolism and other vital functions. He pointed out that malnutrition included "insufficient" consumption of foods that do not contain the nutrients that the body needs for basic functions, leading to malnutrition and therefore many diseases that affect human health. or "excessive intake". For many chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases, or the "unbalanced treatment" of substances or food ingredients leading to the onset of various eating disorders, including depending on the increase or decrease of the diet. The most important diseases of malnutrition are those related to mental state, such as anorexia nervosa.

– Anorexia nervosa
Anorexia Nervosa is more common in teenage girls when a girl thinks that her weight is greater than her normal weight or that it results from the pressure exerted by the athlete to maintain it, especially in specific sports, such as sports. Gymnastics, ballet or athletics, where the weight of the athletic body is important for a good performance, the girl tries to control the amount of food you eat, and that until the girl completely hates food and loses gradually weight in the measure that threatens his life. Sometimes. More than 90% of these cases involve adolescent girls and the incidence of the disease in a particular group of girls has some obsessive or hysterical features. When such girls experience psychological stress or frustration in life, symptoms begin to appear.
Dr. Khalid Al Madani said that the causes and mechanisms of this disease can be summarized as follows:
– The owners of the school of psychoanalysis see that the girl associates weight gain and pregnancy. This, in turn, is related to the sexual sense of pregnancy, which the girl despises and dislikes as a result of conflict during her childhood.
– This disease may be associated with hysterical symptoms because the girl is trying to attract attention even through the disease.
– The disease may be accompanied or caused by a type of obsessive-compulsive disorder that forces the girl not to eat.
– Sometimes it's a symptom of depression.
– Or disturb the body image in the girl, where this girl thinks that her body is still full, although others see it very lean.
Symptoms of this disease in the stubborn refusal of food and menopause and weight loss, where overweight on 25% of the body's normal weight.
Food rehabilitation here depends on the treatment of fluids containing the electrolytes, and the patient may need an intravenous diet. During the treatment period, snacks are provided from fruit juice and yogurt, which contain additional nutrients such as vitamins and minerals. The quantity of meals increases gradually and traditional foods such as meat, eggs, fruits, etc. are added. And accompanied by psychological treatment begins the process of diagnosis of mental disorders has disappeared and the conflicts and frustrations accumulated during the psychological treatment sessions are gradually deepened.

Neurosis
Nervous bulimia at the end of adolescence occurs in an alternating disorder with high food demand and feeling of fear of obesity, followed by a loss of appetite and a weight loss to try to get rid of the food consumed, then return to the girl to eat the bad food after the disappearance of fear and guilt.
The disease can be diagnosed with the following symptoms:
Frequent episodes of drowsiness and eating a lot, the feeling of loss of control of the patient in determining the amount of food.
Between these attacks, the patient behaves in different forms, attempting to induce vomiting in any way, using diuretics, or following a strict diet, by refraining from eating or by doing so. 39, exercise, who are trying to lose weight.
– The occurrence of episodes of binge eating (at least a lot) at least twice a week and for at least three months, a prerequisite for the confirmation of the diagnosis of bile.
– Continued interest in the shape and weight of the body.
The actual cause of the disease is unknown, but the causes of the disease can be psychological, social, environmental or biological, and some researchers have considered this disease as a type of epilepsy.
Treatment is often done on an outpatient basis and includes psychological, pharmacological and nutritional treatment. Before starting a food treatment, it is necessary to have information useful for treatment, including: knowledge of changes in weight, diet behavior, learning and quality of occasional excessive consumption of food and excessive occasional consumption of food, eating habits and eating habits.
Based on this information, a food treatment plan is identified. As a general rule, three snacks a day are recommended with a snack and the calories should not be less than 1,200 calories a day, while initially trying to avoid binge eating, delaying them later during the course of the day. treatment.

– Balanced diet
Dr. Khalid Al Madani explained that a balanced health food plays an important role in preventing malnutrition, which includes deficiency or the increase of one or more of the essential nutrients that affect health and life of the individual. The balanced health food has three characteristics:
– Include essential nutrients: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and water.
– be sufficient without scarcity or excess, that is to say the amount needed for individual needs and energy, when many health problems result from malnutrition due to a lack of food or One of its important components, which appear clearly in special categories during different stages of life such as infants, children, pregnant women, nursing mothers and the elderly. On the other hand, excessive consumption of nutrients leads to the appearance of health problems that may endanger the life of the individual.
– Clean: hygiene is essential in human life, especially in food, many diseases being transmitted by contaminated food.

– Prevention of diseases of malnutrition
> Dr. Khaled Al-Madani stresses the importance of observing the following nutritional bases:
– Balance the food intake in proportion to the needs of the body without increasing or decreasing.
– Variety in the choice of foods, even among food groups, to obtain all the essential nutrients, especially vitamins and minerals, where the various types of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, meats and dairy products contain a mixture of these nutrients.
– Moderate intake of fat, sugars, condensed calories, salt, where there are no good foods or bad foods, but where there are good dietary systems and bad diets.
– Selection of foods low in fat or low in fat from milk and dairy products. In case of impotence of milk sugar, one can focus on yogurt and cheese to get enough calcium.
– Vegetarian foods include good sources of protein such as legumes and several times a week, as they are a good source of vitamins such as vitamin E, minerals such as magnesium and fiber.
– Try to eat dark green vegetables every day to get vitamin A (A) and fruits rich in vitamin C (C) such as oranges.
– Eat fish at least twice a week because it contains essential fatty acids, especially omega-3s and omega-3s.
– Choose a low-fat meat from the meat group.
– Eat whole grains (without removing crust) as they contain more vitamins, minerals and fiber.
– Consider dietary density as the main factor that helps the individual to achieve the previous goals by selecting foods rich in nutrients compared to the amount of calories.

– Community Medicine Consultant