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The aviation industry is characterized by continuous development and a long history of technological advancements that encourage aerospace manufacturers to create more efficient and safer air transport.
Although the major achievements in this area, from the most fuel-efficient engines to the use of carbon fiber materials, are what motivated the development of aircraft in most cases, fatal accidents have also been a source changes in aircraft design to improve their performance. And to avoid further loss of life, here are some examples:
– Flight "BOAC 781" of January 10, 1954:
The De Havilland Comet, operated by British Airways Overseas, crashed after heavy pressure in the middle of the flight, landing the aircraft near the island of Elba off the Italian coast and killing 35 people.
The accident was the second in a series of three accidents at the Comet in less than a year. For similar reasons, investigators found that the cell was broken from the roof of the cabin, breaking a window and hitting the control structures at the rear of the aircraft. The rear plane.
This is due to the metal stress caused by the constant pressure on the cell and its decrease during daily use, as well as stent fixation around the windows instead of sticking them, in a process that would have caused cracks .
The fuselage was also subjected to much stronger pressure than expected, particularly around the sharp angles of the "Comet" square windows, so that future passenger aircraft were equipped with rounded windows.
– Flight Delta 191 on 2 August 1985:
Lockheed TriStar, a subsidiary of the American airline Delta, faced an aerial storm during its landing at the Dallas Fort Worth Airport.
The storm hit the ground off the track and disintegrated, leaving 137 dead and 28 injured.
Investigators discovered that the accident resulted from the crew's decision to fly during the storm, insufficient procedures or training to deal with the "partial explosion phenomenon" (small and violent explosions in storms) and the lack of advance warning of abrupt changes in wind speed or its direction, called wind shear.
As a result, NASA developed a weather radar that could be equipped with aircraft. The detection and warning system was installed in many aircraft after the US legislator insisted that all commercial aircraft should have the means to monitor shear winds.
– British Airways Flight 28M August 22, 1985:
The Boeing 737 was burned at Manchester Airport, killing 55 people, who had to leave for Corfu in Greece.
Before take-off, one of the engines stopped the cause of the fire and the crew commander ordered the evacuation of the aircraft, where 82 passengers survived, most of the deaths being due to the inhalation of smoke.
The incident led to actions in the aircraft design sector, including changes to the seating arrangements near the exits, fire suppression enclosures, emergency ground lights, resistant walls and ceilings. fire extinguishers, more clearly on the expulsion procedures.
– Flight "Aeroméxico Flight 498" of August 31, 1986:
Two aircraft collided over the suburbs of Cerritos in Los Angeles. The incident occurred when a small private Piper PA-28-181 Archer soldier crashed on McDonnell Douglas DC-9 flight line 498 while descending into the air. direction of the Los Angeles International Airport. The 67 passengers aboard the planes were killed and 15 died on the ground.
As a result of this incident, all aircraft in US airspace were required to carry anti-collision systems in flight.
Another collision of two Boeing 747s and the second Ilyushin Il-76, designed by the Soviet Union in the air near New Delhi in 1996, led to the application of anti-collision systems around the world .
– Flight "USAir 427" of 8 September 1994:
A Boeing 737 crashed on his flight between Chicago and Pittsburgh International Airport.
Investigators said that the probable cause of the accident was the accident of the steering wheel of the aircraft and a strong movement in a direction contrary to that indicated by the pilot, causing loss of control of the aircraft. 39 aircraft and that the crew could not handle it.
The 132 people aboard the flight were killed.
Boeing then agreed to design and load a new steering control system for the 737 aircraft in the world.
– Air France Flight 447 from 1 June 2009:
The accident of Flight 447 has raised concerns about the level of automated aircraft systems, exacerbated by the 737 meter crash in Indonesia and Ethiopia.
An Airbus A330 crashed between Rio de Janeiro and Paris and was not repaired, resulting in a crash in the Atlantic Ocean and the loss of all 228 passengers.
The preliminary investigation concluded that the aircraft crashed after the crash of the speed sensors, thus causing an interruption of contact with the pilot in the middle of the storm.
This led to an unexpected transfer of command to the human crew, one of whose members was not accustomed to high altitude manual flying, and his reaction was false when he pulled the front of the aircraft at the top.
The pilot's errors eventually caused the aircraft to collapse, which means that it is no longer able to generate sufficient lift forces to carry the aircraft in the air.
The aircraft crashed catastrophically at 11,000 feet per minute. As a result of this incident, aviation regulators urged all airlines to encourage more manual flights in order to avoid the impact of aeronautics on the driving skills of based.
Source: The Guardian
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