Bill Gates challenges innovators to solve these problems

Tomorrow– Microsoft founder Bill Gates challenged, in a tweet on Twitter, innovators who easily think of creative ideas to find solutions to the 10 challenges he faces.

The challenge was accompanied by an article in the MIT magazine titled "Ten Great Challenges of Technology to Solve," cited by Al Jazeera, which described the main challenges facing humanity.

Recycling carbon dioxide
An increasing number of startups are exploring ways to recycle carbon dioxide into products, including industrial fuels, polymers, carbon fibers and concrete.

This is promising, but what we really need is an inexpensive way to store the billions of tons of carbon dioxide needed to reduce carbon emissions.

Energy storage at the network scale
Many scientists and start-ups are developing cheaper forms of energy storage on the grid, such as batteries or salt tanks, to last longer.

Global Influenza Vaccine
At least 50 million people died during the 1918 influenza pandemic. About one million died in 1957-1958 and 1968, and about half a million in 2009, as the viruses were more moderate.

But we may not be lucky next time, because the strain of the virus can multiply so strongly that no vaccine is specifically designed to fight it effectively.

The development of a global influenza vaccine not only protects the relatively less harmful variables, but also against any catastrophic epidemic every century is a crucial public health challenge.

Treatment of dementia
Alzheimer 's disease is still obscure, definitive diagnoses being established only after the onset of symptoms, doctors discussed until then the distinction between Alzheimer' s disease and Alzheimer 's disease. Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia

However, advances in neuroscience and genetics have begun to further unravel the disease, and this understanding shows how much can be done to slow down or even stop the devastating effects of the disease.

Clean the ocean
Billions of small pieces of plastic called "micro-plastics" float around the world's oceans, many of which come from sacks or hay dismantled over time, poisoning birds, fish and humans.

Researchers fear that the effects on human health and the environment are profound and that cleaning hundreds of millions of tons of plastic accumulated over decades can take hundreds of years.

Desalination of water less than map
Salt water on the ground represents 50 times more fresh water, and with the increase in the world population and the intensification of climate change in drought, freshwater needs will increase.

Israel has built the world's largest reverse-osmosis desalination plant and now derives most of its seawater from the sea, but it consumes a lot of energy to become practical around the world.

Electrochemical techniques and the creation of a new type of membrane can help make saline water useful for irrigation, and the ocean's drinking water must be a priority absolute.

Auto driving safe
Autonomous vehicles have been tested on public roads for millions of kilometers, but driverless cars are still not willing to control roads in general, as they struggle to cope with chaotic traffic and harsh weather conditions such as snow and fog.

If it can be safely secured, it could help restructure transport and eliminate congestion. Autonomous cars should disappear from most road accidents, representing 1.25 million people a year.

Control of artificial intelligence
Many researchers say that true true artificial intelligence can depend on the ability to link internal calculations to real things in the physical world, and that artificial intelligence will acquire that ability by learning to interact with the physical world as do it humans and animals.

Prediction of the earthquake

We can predict hurricanes several days before, sometimes weeks, but earthquakes remain a surprise.

Predicting earthquakes with some medium-term confidence would allow planners to find lasting solutions, and a warning of at least 24 hours would allow people to evacuate dangerous areas and save millions of lives. .

Brain decoding
Our brain remains a profound mystery to neuroscientists: everything we think and remember and all our movements must be coded in one way or another in the billions of neurons we have in our heads.

There are still many unknowns and mysteries in understanding how our brain stores and communicates our thoughts, which can lead to breakthroughs in the way we treat mental disorders such as schizophrenia and stroke. 39; autism.