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Realize: Randa Girgis
The most common infections of liver diseases are viral infections classified as A, E. which are transmitted through food, water and human waste. Viruses B, C and D. are infected by transfusion of contaminated blood. The most common signs of the disease are yellowing of the skin and eyes. With persistent abdominal pain, fatigue, severe weakness, nausea, vomiting and the most serious complications caused by these viruses, cirrhosis can progress to cancer in advanced stages of the disease. Therefore, anyone should undergo periodic tests that can detect quickly, on the prevention of diseases.
According to Dr. Nidal Habak, a specialist in heart disease, hepatitis A is an acute infectious disease that affects the liver, affects 300 million people worldwide and accounts for 25% of all liver diseases. It is usually transmitted by the arrival in the mouth of contaminated items. The consumption of unhealthy alcohol, which destroys the cells of the liver, affects about 10 million people a year in the world, and spreads very frequently in developing countries and poor regions. It is more common in young children and is an infectious disease. Symptoms range from 2 to 6 weeks, resulting in Z outbreaks in crowded places like schools, people and the role of the nursery in case of lack of hygiene resulting in death of about 1.34 million of people a year with this disease, so that the discovery in the early stages, it is viable for treatment and cure, as well as to prevent the spread of infection to healthy people.
Diagnostic symptoms
According to Dr. Fever, stress, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, anorexia, depression, yellowing of the skin, acute pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen and weight loss. The diagnosis is made by the detection of the Blood (IGM), which shows the presence of hepatitis or acute infection, is detectable after a week or two of the initial infection and lasts until 14 weeks. The presence of IgG antibodies in the blood means that the acute phase of the disease has continued and the person is immunized against further infections with the hepatitis C virus KON is also present in the blood after vaccination and HIV testing is based on the detection of these antibodies.
Preventive measures
Dr. The vaccine protects against the hepatitis A virus in more than 95% of cases for 10 years. The vaccine is administered into the muscle of the arm and the second dose is given after six years. Several months and there is no specific treatment for hepatitis A where patients are advised to rest and avoid eating fatty foods. Patients are also advised to follow a balanced diet and take a sufficient amount of fluids. It should be noted that they can suffer about 6 to 10% of the cases of infection. Hepatitis A disease of one or more Impact of symptoms of relapse until 40 weeks after infection.
Virus B
Dr. Aisem Raouf Matar said that the hepatitis B virus was one of the most harmful members of the hepatitis family. The virus can stay alive outside the patient's body for 7 days. During this period, the virus remains capable of causing infection if the average incubation time of the virus is 75 days. The virus is passed from one person to another by blood or other body fluids. The most common causes of infection with this virus are:
– The pregnant woman infected with hepatitis B must transmit the virus to the child during delivery.
– Accidental acupuncture or reuse of needles and syringes contaminated with blood.
– Exposure of the skin to blood or other contaminated physical fluids.
The infection can occur during medical, surgical, dental and tattoo operations, or by the use of razors and other objects contaminated with contaminated blood.
Target Categories
It is considered that children born to mothers infected with B virus are the most affected, as well as patients who need blood or its derivatives frequently for treatment, as well as those who undergo kidney dialysis, a transplant of organ, health care workers and other people exposed to blood and blood products during their work, Travelers who have not completed the vaccine series against hepatitis B before they leave in endemic areas, injecting drug users and prisoners.
Signs of injury
Dr. The signs and symptoms of hepatitis B vary from moderate to high, usually after about one to four months and can appear as early as two weeks after the infection. In some cases, no symptoms appear during the simple infection phase, but some people suffer The symptoms at this stage last for several weeks, including yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), dark urine , pain in the body, mild fever, severe stress, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and itchy skin, acute hepatitis can develop in a small group of people. Infected by severe liver failure leading to death, Or cause chronic liver infection that develops later in liver fibrosis or liver cancer in some people.
"It is not possible to clinically distinguish hepatitis B from other types of viral hepatitis, so laboratory confirmation is required and a number of blood tests are also available to diagnose patients with hepatitis B." tests can also be used to distinguish acute and chronic infections The US ultrasound ultrasound can show the extent of cirrhosis of the liver.In some cases, the doctor needs a liver biopsy to examine his condition.
Treatment of B virus
Dr. Most cases of acute hepatitis B do not require specific treatment when fighting infection.The attention is focused on adequate rest for the patient, adequate nutritional balance and a large amount of fluid to make up for the loss of vomiting and diarrhea. However, in severe cases, antiviral drugs or hospitalization are necessary to avoid complications. Chronic hepatitis B infection can be treated with medications, including oral antivirals, or injections. 39, interferon, a copy of a substance naturally produced by the body to fight against infection. The treatment can help fight the virus, slow down its ability to damage the liver, reduce the risk of liver cancer, prevent transmission of the virus to other people, and improve long-term survival. Liver transplantation is a therapeutic option if the liver is badly damaged. And there are still other new drugs to treat hepatitis B under development.
"More than 95% of people infected with adults or older children will be able to fully recover and develop protective immunity against the virus," he said. "That's only 30% of younger children.
C virus
Dr. Sherif Hassan, a specialist in endocrinology and endocrinology, explains that infection with the C virus is transmitted by transfusion of blood from one patient to another without analysis or by blood-related diseases such that thalassemia and eucalyptus, as well as the use of unsterilized instruments, from 70 to 80% The most vulnerable groups are drug addicts who use usual syringes, suction cups for people not competent, and the danger is that the disease enters the human body without any symptoms, where it can be discovered after Long years, perhaps until the patient is generally sick and suffers from body, simple heat, diarrhea, vomiting and the most difficult to diagnose is the similarity of these phenomena with the flu or intestinal flu, but when the injury is severe lead to high levels of liver enzymes, bi pathways Lipids are high in the blood, with yellowing of the eyes, pain on the right side of the abdomen and acute renal failure.
Serious complications
Dr. Hepatitis C infection is not transient, it damages liver cells and proliferates considerably, especially when chronic symptoms or liver injury begin with equivalent cirrhosis, in which parts of the liver function and that complications are not present, but when cirrhosis develops Equivalent symptoms begin to appear in what is called (ascites), where the liver is a large chemical plant intended for the manufacture of proteins, when it breaks down less of protein and begins the process of ascites to manifest itself, with swelling of the abdomen and both men and manufacture of materials facilitating coagulation of the most important functions of the liver, If a fault occurs, Seoul will Product In the blood, the incidence resulting from the esophagus of varicose veins, vomiting blood and bleeding, and bleeding occurs odd by the anus in the stool, are the most important complications of the C virus in the late stages of liver cancer are.
Diagnosis and treatment
According to Dr. It is verified that the disease can be diagnosed by hepatic medical tests, antibodies to C virus, then by irradiation of the television on the liver to determine if there is cirrhosis and to know about it. activity and number of the virus by the BBC and accordingly determine the stage of the disease and the treatment plan, it was detected early, the rate of prevention and reduction of complications increased and anti-viral drugs were discovered recently and have achieved a high cure rate.
E virus
Hepatitis A is known to spread more and more in developing countries and infections such as A, B, C and D are spread through blood transfusion, consumption of contaminated food or water, and than by the consumption of raw or animal meat. The virus is intended for adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 40 years, it is transmitted directly from the pregnant woman to the fetus, the E virus is characterized by mild signs and is therefore equipped with preventive vaccines.
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