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Scientists found for the first time that bats were carrying the flu virus in 2012, but they had just discovered that humans could also detect them.
Animals, such as pigs and chickens, can catch the flu in a similar way to humans because there are similar receptors in the airways. So, birds and pigs are very dangerous.
But the viruses of the bovine influenza attach and penetrate the cells differently compared to the other viruses.
"An alarming new study has revealed that cattle receptors are actually similar to those of mice, pigs and chickens," said Mohamed Munir, lecturer in molecular virology at Lancaster University.
Scientists from the University of Zurich, who published their research in the journal Nature, have identified the "future" portal that allows bovine viruses to enter host cells to cause infection. Unfortunately, this future also exists in some cattle cells.
Influenza viruses infect many species of cattle by binding to a molecule called sialic acid, present on the respiratory cells of these animals. Similar receptors are also present in human airways, particularly in the lungs, hence the spread of avian and swine flu to humans.
Scientists have discovered that bovine influenza viruses enter their host cells via cell surface proteins called MHC-II, which are concerned that these protein receptors are very similar in many species, including mice, pigs and chickens.
Scientists have studied genes to see if they are resistant or vulnerable to infection with bovine flu. They initially identified 10 important genes, 5 of which are responsible for the production of MHC-II associated proteins. They then used the genome-free technique to block the MHC-II proteins from the cell, in order to discover that infection with the bovine flu had not entered the cells.
MHC-II proteins have been found on the surface of certain immune cells and play an important role in the linkage between body cells and pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses.
Because of the role that farm animals play in the transmission of influenza to humans, the BAT virus appears to have the ability to infect humans directly or by infecting others first. animals.
Bats transmit a number of other deadly diseases, carrying 65 species of human pathogens, including Ebola.
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