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Posted in Morning News on 28 – 03 – 2019
The Arabs chose the secretary-general of the Arab League of the Republic of Egypt in recognition of their pivotal role in the League of Arab States in 1945, which is why he has held this post since the rebirth of the Arab League. University with seven Egyptian personalities.
The Egyptians abandoned this post only in 1979, when the Arabs decided to freeze Egypt's membership in the university and to transfer its headquarters to Tunisia after the signing of the peace agreement with the Israeli entity. The candidate from Tunisia was chosen at the time, Professor Shazly Kulibi.
It should be recalled that Article 12 of the Charter of the League of Arab States states that "the League shall have a permanent secretariat consisting of a Secretary-General, two Under-Secretaries and several staff members. keys to the university. "
The following is a brief overview of the life of the secretaries general of the League of Arab States, according to the chronology of their position:
Abdul Rahman Azzam (1945-1952)
Abdul Rahman Azzam was born on March 8, 1893 in the governorate of Giza (Egypt). He studied medicine at St. Thomas College of the University of London in 1912 and began his political career in London.
During the First World War, he went to Turkey, worked as a journalist and participated in the Balkan war with the forces of the Ottoman Empire.
In 1915 he went to Libya and participated in the Libyan National Movement against the Italian occupation, became the first counselor of the first Libyan Republic and continued his fight against the Italian and British occupation until 1922 .
In 1923 he returned to Egypt and was elected to the first Egyptian parliament in 1924 after the declaration of constitution.
In 1936, he was appointed Minister of Awqaf, Minister of Social Affairs and Minister of Foreign Affairs.
In 1945, he was a member of the Egyptian delegation to the Charter of the League of Arab States. Upon the signing of the League Charter by seven Arab states on March 22, 1945, he was unanimously elected First Secretary General of the League and remained in office until 1952.
Abdel Rahman Azzam died on June 2, 1976.
Mohamed Abdel Khalek Hassouna (1952-1972)
He was born in Cairo on October 28, 1898.
Mohamed Abdel Khalek Hassouna studied law and obtained a master's degree in economics and politics from the University of Cambridge in 1925.
He worked as a deputy prosecutor in Alexandria and held many positions in Egyptian embassies abroad and in several ministries, including the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1925 to 1948.
He was appointed Minister of Social Affairs from 1949 to 1950, Minister of Education in 1952 and Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1952.
Secretary General of the League of Arab States from September 1952 to May 1972.
The Beirut Summit in 1956 and the first five Arab Summits were held during his tenure.
Mohammed Abdul Khaleq Hassouna died on 20 January 1992.
Riad Mahmoud (1972-1979)
Mahmoud Riad was born on January 8, 1917 in the governorate of Dakahlia (Egypt).
He graduated from the military academy of Egypt in 1936 and taught it from 1942.
Named Mahmoud Riad Director of Military Intelligence Services in Gaza, August 1948.
He participated in the Egyptian delegation to the Rhodes negotiations in February 1949, which culminated in the signing of the armistice agreement between Egypt and Israel, and then at the head of the Egyptian delegation to the Egyptian-Israeli Armistice Commission (1949-1952).
He was appointed Ambassador to Egypt in Damascus in 1955 and participated with the Egyptian delegation in the signing of the Union with Syria in 1958.
He served as political advisor to President Gamal Abdel Nasser from 1958 to 1962.
He was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1964 to 1972 and then Adviser on Political Affairs of President Anwar Sadat in 1972.
He was elected Secretary General of the Arab League in June 1972 and resigned in March 1979.
Mahmoud Riad passed away on January 24, 1992.
Shazly Qulibi (1979-1990)
Born September 6, 1925 in Tunis, he went to secondary school at Sadiq school, then went to Paris to pursue graduate studies in literature and philosophy at the Sorbonne, where he obtained his degree in language and Arabic literature in 1947 and succeeded the Tabriz debate in 1950.
He began teaching in secondary schools and in 1957 he completed his university studies.
In May 1958, he was appointed Director General of National Radio and Television.
In 1961, in addition to his dual responsibilities, he was charged with creating the Ministry of Cultural Affairs and remained its supervisor until 1970. He was appointed by the Ministry of Culture from 1971 to 1973 and from 1976 to 1978 1976 Director of the Cabinet of the President of the Republic. He was elected Secretary General of the League of Arab States from September 1978 to July 28, 1979, when he resigned from office on October 2, 1990, in connection with the rejection of the Iraq war as a result of the 39th Iraqi army attack on Kuwait.
He has participated in editions in most national newspapers and magazines, published numerous articles and political research and gave numerous literary lectures.
Member of the Academy of Arabic Language in Cairo since February 1970.
He has written various literary, cultural and political works, including "Arabs Against the Question of Palestine" and "Questions of Religion and Age".
Ahmed Esmat Abdel Meguid 1991 – 2001
Ahmed Esmat Abdel Majid was born in Alexandria on March 22, 1923. He studied law at the University of Alexandria and obtained a doctorate in international law from the University of Paris in 1951. At the beginning of his career, he then held various posts of political advisor responsible for the implementation of British law. Permanent Representative of Egypt to the United Nations in New York (1972-1983), Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Egypt 1984, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1985.
He participated in the negotiations and drafting of the agreements between Egypt and the United Kingdom on the withdrawal of British forces from 1954 to 1957 and between Egypt and France with a view to restoring the broken relations between the two countries and chaired the committee to introduce Arabic as a working language at the United Nations in 1974.
Amr Moussa (2001 – 2011)
Amr Moussa was born in Cairo on October 3, 1936. He obtained his Bachelor of Laws degree from Cairo University in 1957.
He joined the Egyptian Embassy in Egypt in 1981. He was appointed Ambassador to Egypt in 1983 and returned in 1990 to serve as a Permanent Delegate to his country at the United Nations.
Received the Egyptian foreign portfolio for ten years from 1991 to 2011.
In May 2001, he was elected Secretary General of the League of Arab States, replacing Esmat Abdel Meguid.
Nabil Al Arabi (2011-2016)
Born on March 15, 1935 in Cairo, he studied law at Cairo University. He obtained a Master's degree in International Law from New York University Law School in 1969 and a Doctorate in Legal Sciences from New York University Law School in 1971.
Nabil Al-Arabi held several positions, including Permanent Representative of Egypt to the United Nations Mission in Geneva from 1987 to 1991, Permanent Representative of Egypt to the Organization of the United Nations United Nations in New York from 1991 to 1999, Member of the International Court of Justice from 2001 to 2006, Regional Commission for Commercial Arbitration from 2008 to 2011, date of his appointment as Foreign Minister of the United Nations. ;Egypt.
Nabil Al-Arabi served as legal adviser to the Egyptian delegation to the United Nations Peace Conference in the Middle East, held in Geneva from 1973 to 1975. He was legal adviser to the Egyptian delegation to the United Nations Conference. Camp David on peace in the Middle East in 1978, 1985 to 1989.
Nabil al-Arabi also held several positions at the United Nations, including the Security Council in June 1996.
In July 2011, he was elected Secretary General of the League of Arab States.
Ahmed Aboul Gheit (elected in March 2016)
Ahmed Aboul Gheit was born in Cairo on June 12, 1942. He earned a Bachelor of Commerce degree from Ain Shams University in Egypt in 1964.
He joined the Egyptian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1965, where he held several positions, the most important being the ambassador of the Arab Republic of Egypt in Rome from 1992 to 1996, the Permanent Representative of the Arab Republic of Egypt at the United Nations in New York from 1999 to 2004 and the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2004 to 2011..
He was elected in March 2016 as Secretary-General of the League of Arab States.
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