[ad_1]
To understand what is happening in the geopolitical situation of the Middle East and North Africa in the twenty-first century, we must take a critical look at what happened in the twentieth century and that has implications material, intellectual, ideological and religious.
Many political analysts will study the causes of political unrest, violence and separatist movements in several places in the Arab world, on the Asian side and on the African side. In recent years, researchers and political analysts have found one or two reasons for the problems of the Arab world in the Middle East and North Africa.
In contemporary life, researchers attribute responsibility for political differences between Arab countries, because countries do not look like the same characteristics of government, politics or public inclination. What unites the peoples of the Arab world is poverty, poverty, ignorance, deprivation and differences due to religion. There is always an ideological, ideological and economic separation between the ruler and the ruled in these countries. This situation consecrated the insoluble cases in the Arab world and forced them and gradually led to a state of boiling and explosion.
In the West, European and American citizens are subject to higher taxes and payments to governments and municipal governments, but in return receive the highest level of services and education. In the Arab world, citizens pay the highest taxes and payments to governments and municipalities (relative to their income), but receive little or no services beyond the normal development of life. And Jabra.
The Arab world, which began in the 20th century and continues to rise to the present day, raises many concerns that may be causing the chaos our region is currently experiencing. These concerns are divided between internal and external, psychological and physiological, and can be summarized as follows:
The obsession of Napoleon Bonaparte:
Who invaded Egypt in 1798, 200 years ago, marked the beginning of a foreign military intervention in the Arab world, followed by waves of French, English, Italian, German, Dutch and Portuguese interventions. The countries of the Arab world were liberalized at one point and remained in one way or another subordinate to the countries they controlled. This concern reached its peak in the twenty-first century and in particular thanks to the foreign intervention in Syria for nine years, where dozens of international forces are active on Syrian territory, directly or indirectly, in a complex world war combining resources. objectives and goals.
Over the past two centuries, the Arab world has constantly suffered from political and military interference in its internal affairs. Foreign interference in the Gulf of Arabia was of a political nature, with the formation of stable governments, protected and protected from abroad, with a smooth and automatic influence, from Portuguese to Dutch passing from English to French via the American. In the northern Arab world, control was direct military, perhaps because of the struggle for power (Ottoman Empire – Iran – Russian Empire – France – Germany – England – Italy). The situation in the Arab world over the past two centuries has been unforgettable, during which the Arab citizen has suffered many plagues and sufferings. This urgent atmosphere has made the Arab world one of the world's most heavily-armed countries and a commercial market for weapons produced by rival international powers.
The obsession of Theodor Herzl and Arthur James Balfour:
The work of these two men has created a lot of animosity, blood and pain in the Arab world and has been at the root of a century of conflict between extreme Zionism and Arab nationalism. This conflict remains a bleeding wound in the heart of the Arab world and hampers the development, modernization, freedom and enjoyment of a decent citizenship due to the predominance of military spending on political, urban and economic spending in most areas. Arab countries. As a result, ignorance, delay and delay prevailed in the countries of the region and it became imperative that the army come to power and replace civilian governments for military, security and logistical reasons. The Arab-Zionist conflict has created harsher internal and economic conditions and the Arab mind has two desires: the desire for independence, the preservation of its state at all costs and the desire for a decent life, both of which suffered an indescribable taste. In addition, the displacement of millions of Palestinians in the countries of the Arab world, the policy of Judaization at home and the policy of house demolitions. External interference and relations of Arab regimes abroad have spawned many international positions and events on the local scene, with many Arab leaders maintaining secret relations with the Israeli occupying entity and at every conference of the Arab world. Arab summit, highlighting the lack of clarity of vision and ambiguity about the Zionist presence in Palestine between dissatisfied, Which side tends. The danger of this concern is that it continues to grow as a cancerous threat in the Arab world, sometimes seen in the Gulf and developed in the Kurdish regions and sometimes in North Africa in the form of security intelligence intelligence, economic or advisory.
The obsession of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk:
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, an Ottoman officer who built Turkey and is considered the spiritual father of modern Turkey, built it on the model of the lay national state model in the Middle East. However, this nation-state model has not succeeded in Turkey or in any of the countries of the Arab world. In Turkey, the Muslim Brotherhood turned against the British-style (bloodless) secular system and launched an uncompromising war against Turkish forces opposed to the Muslim Brotherhood. In the Arab world, the Muslim Brotherhood entered a secular state in one). In addition, the inability of the secular model in the Arab world to build trust between the state and the citizen and its inability to provide the material and scientific services expected from the state. Most countries in the Arab world suffer from political, economic and religious differences and are on the verge of fragmentation and war: only army-led governments are able to gather the broken fabric and bind it by the force, accompanied by the lack of public liberties and political rights of citizens.
Gamal Abdel Nasser's obsession:
The Egyptian officer Gamal Abdel Nasser revolted in 1952, paving the way for the legitimacy of the military regime in the Arab world: since the Nasserian revolution, the military coups have multiplied in the most Arab countries, such as Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Yemen, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Somalia and others. (See Game of Nations, Ambassador Miles Copeland). The military regime in most Arab countries has resulted in an unprecedented ferocity of the Muslim Brotherhood that has turned into a bloody war against men and stone, as happened in Egypt, Yemen, in Algeria and Syria. The military coups turned their land into rubble and today, 80 years after the beginning of the military coups in the Arab world, became the first source of refugees and refugees. of terrorists. The Arab world has released many terrorists hired to work in Afghanistan under the flag of fighting Communism with support from the West. Then they turned around and fought the United States, then released in Somalia, Sudan, Libya and Syria. Terrorism has now returned to the countries that come from it.
The obsession of Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan:
This triggered endemic free market capitalism in the early 1980s. This economic vision has created a kind of economic globalization that values international financial mobility and profits at the expense of workers and the well-being of citizens. This trend has rapidly shifted to the Arab world and has contributed to the development of Arab economic policies at the expense of Arab citizens. The Arab governments did not establish a serious economy in any country and respected neither the Arab common market nor the principles of Arab economic integration and even the rich countries (Arab Khallaj) for the benefit of the World Bank. The Arab countries could not resist the demands of the world powers to liberalize the local Arab economy for Ras. Money of the world. The expected result was the inability of any Arab economy to meet the basic needs of its citizens, but rather the low dependence of friends and international financial institutions on cash money, while citizens suffer from a marked deterioration in the education sector and disrupt labor markets dominated by informal and scientific methods, poverty and poverty. Differences between the rich and the poor.
The obsession of Iran:
The Islamic revolution in Iran succeeded in seizing power from the Shah regime in 1979, in the twentieth century. The West has so far failed to contain the Islamic revolution and adapt it to the West. At the same time, Iran supported Arab resistance to the Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon and Gaza. The Lebanese resistance was composed of all layers of Lebanese political and religious society and belonged to the ideology of Hamas and the Muslim Brotherhood. When the West failed to contain Iran and the US administration failed to manage the hostage crisis, it began to urge Arabs to visit Iran and exaggerate the Iranian threat. although the Turkish threat is historically equal to that of Iran. The Iran-Iraq war, which lasted for years and exhausted the capabilities of two neighboring countries, began with an external instigation in which Iraq, Iran and the Gulf countries caused many losses, money, delays and economic problems. The Arab citizen was the victim of a relentless and absurd war that ended in a peace agreement between the two countries and now forms an alliance against Western interests. And was the only winner to exaggerate the Iranian threat to the Arab region of the West and the United States, and under the pretext of this danger, the proliferation of weapons and weapons deliveries in the Arab world from the most to the maximum. While the Arab citizen had lost the opportunity to spend this money for the development of agricultural and industrial infrastructure.
The obsession with extremism:
The roots of extremism in the Arab world are rooted in the doctrinal quarrel that prevailed in the Islamic world after the death of the noble cartoons: the interpretation of jurisprudence, jurisprudence and jurisprudential schools, instead of to become a source of intellectual wealth, became schools that spread hatred, fatwas and hatred. And the other opinion. The extremist movements in the Arab region were the last extremist movements, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, which founded most of its ideas on extremist values and attempted to violate God's boundaries. Religious terrorism has become a serious concern for the Arab world.
Many intellectual tendencies have affected the Arab world over the last two centuries, such as oil investments, which have been accompanied by many wars, violence, counter-violence, high population growth rates, societal and environmental pressures, customs and traditions .
These concerns have contributed greatly to the destabilization of the region. It is difficult to separate these factors from each other if the links that unite them are complex and extremely complex and it is impossible to separate national interests from international colonial interests, which seriously hampers the construction of international law. a modern, stable and productive state.
References
France / Napoleon
five ghosts haunting the Arab world
https://embassies.gov.il/san-francisco/AboutIsrael/Pages/Iranian-Threat.aspx
trends Islamic extremism-factors-affecting-future-threat
Source link
