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The gut microbiome is an integral part of the body, but its importance in the human aging process has long been unclear.
Researchers from the Institute for Systems Biology (ISB) and their collaborators identified distinct signatures in the gut microbiome that correlate with healthy or unhealthy aging pathways, which in turn predict survival in a cohort of individuals. older.
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The research team analyzed the gut microbiome, phenotype, and clinical data of more than 9,000 people, aged 18 to 101, in three independent groups.
The team focused, in particular, on longitudinal data from a group of over 900 older people (78-98 years), allowing them to track health and survival outcomes.
Data showed that gut microbiomes become increasingly unique (i.e., increasingly divergent from others) as individuals get older, starting in mid to late adulthood, which corresponds to a constant decline in the abundance of basic bacterial genera (such as bacteria) which tend to be common to humans.
Remarkably, while microbiomes became more and more unique to each individual as they aged in good health, the metabolic functions of microbiomes shared common traits. This gut peculiarity was closely related to several metabolites derived from microbes in the blood plasma, including indole derived from tryptophan, which has previously been shown to prolong the life of mice.
Blood levels of another metabolite, phenylacetylglutamine, showed a stronger association with exclusivity, and previous work had shown that this metabolite was indeed elevated in the blood of centenarians.
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Institute of Systems Biology research scientist Dr Thomas Wilmansky, who led the study, said healthy individuals who reach the age of around 80 show continued bacterial drift towards a condition unique formation, but this gap was absent in less healthy individuals.
“Interestingly, this unique pattern appears to start at middle age (40-50 years) and is associated with a clear metabolic fingerprint in the blood, indicating that these changes in the microbiome may not simply be a diagnosis of aging in good health, but they are, ”Welmansky said. It can directly contribute to health as you age. ”For example, indoles are known to reduce inflammation in the gut, and chronic inflammation is believed to be the primary driver of the development of diseases associated with aging.
This analysis highlights the fact that the adult gut microbiome continues to evolve with age in healthy individuals, but not in unhealthy individuals, and that combinations of microbiomes related to human health. early to middle adulthood may not be consistent with health in late adulthood.
“This is exciting work that we believe will have important clinical implications for monitoring and modifying the health of the gut microbiome throughout a person’s life,” said Dr. Nathan Price, professor at Institute of Systems Biology (ISB) and research co-author.
Source: Science Daily
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