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On Saturday, July 7, researchers announced their satisfaction after testing a new HIV vaccine. Another study will be launched on 2,600 women in southern Africa
Are we headed for an HIV vaccine? Researchers reported on Saturday, July 7, encouraging progress with an experimental vaccine that elicited an immune response in humans and protected macaques from infection.
The development of this vaccine potential, safe for the man, is now advanced enough to test 2,600 women in southern Africa.
"These results represent a milestone" said study director, virologist Dan Barouch, a statement from The Lancet
Joined by other experts, he warned, however, that there was no guarantee that the following tests would be so positive. "We must remain cautious" he told AFP. Two-thirds of Rhesus macaques have been protected by the vaccine in laboratory tests.
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Four injections in 48 weeks
The results of the full-scale test , called Imbokodo (rock, in Zulu), are expected in 2021 or 2022. "This will be only the fifth concept of HIV vaccine whose effectiveness will be tested in the 35 years and a few of history of the epidemic " Dr. Barouch emphasized
Another, called RV144, showed that he was protecting man from HIV to a certain extent. In 2009, one study indicated that it had reduced the risk of infection by 16.2% in 16,000 volunteers in Thailand.
The study published Saturday reports the results of a test in 393 healthy adults, Seronegative, aged 18 to 50 years in East Africa, South Africa, Thailand and the United States. Some received one of the possible vaccine combinations or a placebo, via four injections in 48 weeks.
These combinations were made of different types of HIV viruses, made sufficiently harmless, with the hope of eliciting an immune response. But it was "robust" welcomed Professor Barouche.
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A phenomenal advance?
The tests showed the safety. Only five participants reported adverse effects, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness or back pain.
In a separate study, these same vaccines offered protection to two-thirds of the 72 macaques to which researchers then tried to inoculate the virus. Other specialists interviewed by AFP have welcomed this progress.
"I can not repeat enough how much we need a vaccine" said Francois Venter of the University of Witwatersrand (South Africa). But "we have already known that, promising experimental vaccines that have not materialized" .
For the French Jean-Daniel Lelièvre, of the Vaccine Research Institute (National Agency for Research on AIDS) : "It's probably not the definitive vaccine, but it can be a phenomenal breakthrough" . According to him, "in the best case" this research will produce a vaccine administrable in "almost 10 years" .
Some 37 million people are living with HIV or AIDS according to the World Health Organization, and 1.8 million cases are contracted each year. The disease has killed some 35 million of the 80 million people it has infected since it was first diagnosed in the early 1980s.
Despite advances in medicine in the prevention and treatment of the disease (PrEP, antiretrovirals, tritherapies), the researchers insist on measures to not be infected: protection during sex, use of new syringes, sterilization of medical equipment …
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