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Albert Einstein's ideas on gravity are true even in one of the most extreme scenarios that the universe can offer, according to a study
Understanding Einstein's gravity in his general theory of relativity, predicts that all objects fall at the same rate, regardless of their mass or composition.
This theory has passed test after test here on Earth, but scientists have wondered if this remains true for some of the most massive and dense objects in the known universe, an aspect of nature known as the name of Principle of Strong Equivalence.
New discoveries published in the journal Nature show that Einstein's ideas about gravity are still present.
To date, Einstein's equations have passed all tests, from minute laboratory studies to observations of planets in our solar system
Albert Einstein
Ternative to Theory from Einstein's General Relativity predict that compact objects with extremely high gravity, such as neutron stars, fall a little differently from objects of lesser mass.
The gravitational energy called attraction of a compact object – the gravitational energy that holds it together.
In 2011, the National Bank Telescope (GBT) of the National Science Foundation (NSF) discovered a natural laboratory to test. this theory under extreme conditions: a triple star system called PSR J0337 + 1715, located about 4,200 light years from Earth.
This system contains a neutron star in a 1.6-day orbit with a white dwarf star, and the pair a 327-day orbit with another white dwarf further away
"This is a system of unique stars, "said Ryan Lynch of the Green Bank Observatory in the United States.
"We do not know any others like it.This makes it a unique laboratory to test Einstein's theories."
Since its discovery, the triple system has been observed regularly by the GBT, the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope in the Netherlands. and the NSF Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico
If the alternatives to Einstein's gravitational image were correct, then the neutron star and the inner white dwarf would fall differently to the outer white dwarf.
"The inner white dwarf is not as massive or compact as the neutron star, and therefore has less gravitational binding energy," said Scott Ransom, astronomer at the # 39, National Observatory of Radioastronomy in the United States
Thanks to meticulous observations and careful calculations, to test the gravity of the system using the pulses of the neutron star alone.
They have found that any difference in acceleration between the neutron star and the inner white dwarf is too small to be detected
. There is a difference, it does not exceed three parts in a million ", has said Nina Gusinskaia of the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands
which imposes severe constraints on all alternative theories of general relativity. The result is ten times more accurate than the previous best test of gravity, which makes the proof of Einstein's Strong Equivalence Principle much stronger, they said.
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