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In addition, artists were required to show sketches to government attorneys for approval before they could be distributed, the federal trial judge said.
In addition, prosecutors asked the judge to impose sanctions on the defense lawyer because Guzman's wife had used a cell phone in the courthouse, according to a court record.
The incidents show the intense security measures at stake in the case and provide an overview of the government's efforts to ensure the safety of witnesses in Guzman's highly anticipated trial.
Guzman faces charges of international drug trafficking and conspiracy to murder his rivals. He pleaded not guilty.
The security limits were clearly explained in the testimony of Miguel Angel Martinez, witness of the cooperation that worked for El Chapo in the Sinaloa cartel between 1986 and 1998. Martinez testified Monday and Tuesday about his experience working with Guzman during the introduction of drugs the United States by plane, tunnel and truck.
The sketch of the artist Christine Cornell shows a witness in the gallery, his face blurred and his head bald, under the eyes of Guzman.
Testimony of 'El Gordo & # 39;
Martinez, known by his pseudonyms "El Gordo", "El Compadre" or "El Tololoche", identified Guzman as his boss and stated that he had never received orders from anyone. One another during his stay at the cartel.
"El era el jefe," he says referring to Guzman – "He was the boss".
Martinez stated that he was one of Guzman's closest people during his stay in the cartel. They were associates, friends and "companions", and Chapo baptized Martinez's son in 1989. He first met Chapo at the end of 1986 and was living in Mexico City for the last time in 1994.
Martinez said that he was a pilot for the cartel and that he was responsible for receiving drug shipments from Colombia to Mexico for Chapo, after which these drugs would be sent to the United States. He personally flew in planes carrying drugs from Colombia and directed the Colombian pilot to the clandestine landing lanes that Chapo owned in Agua Prieta and Cumpa Sonora, located near the border with Colombia. ;Arizona.
Martinez added that his responsibilities were increasing thereafter and that he had opened some offices for Chapo in Mexico City. He started talking directly to Colombian cartels, organizing and receiving drugs, storing, packing and sending them to the United States, all under the orders of Chapo, he said.
Martinez said the main Colombian suppliers of Chapo at the time were the Medellin and Cali cartels. Colombians would keep 55% of the drug shipment and Chapo, 45%, to ensure that the drug would safely reach Mexico, then the United States.
From 1987 to 1990, Martinez said that about 95% of cocaine was smuggled into the United States via a tunnel linking Agua Prieta to Douglas, Arizona.
Around 1990, Guzman met Drs Erique Avalos and Jose Reynoso. Together, they developed a plan to start sending cocaine to the United States in boxes of jalapeño peppers. To do this, they cloned the labels, logos, boxes and FDA license number of a real company sending boxes of jalapeños to the United States.
Martinez also explained that cartel members often communicated in code. They called the jets "muchachas" or "girls" and cocaine "camisas" or shirts, he said.
Guzman's wife admonished for the use of mobile phone
Emma Coronel Aispuro, wife of Guzman, attended the trial of her husband in New York. On Tuesday, prosecutors said she had used a cell phone in the courthouse during the first week of the trial. On this basis, prosecutors asked the judge to impose sanctions on defense counsel, according to a document filed Tuesday by the court.
According to the record, the concern is that communication between Guzman and others may result in "death or grievous bodily harm" of persons such as witnesses or their families.
Security staff at the courthouse found that she was using a cell phone inside the courthouse on Nov. 20, the document said. The prosecutor's letter indicates that US Marshals Service security personnel examined surveillance footage and confirmed that Aispuro owned a cell phone on November 19, the day before.
According to the rules of the court, non-legal visitors in the courtroom are not allowed to have a cell phone. The special administrative measures, known as SAM, set out by the court restrict communication between Guzman and his wife.
"On the basis of the facts detailed here, [REDACTED] appears to have used cell phones in conjunction with a defendant's attorney visit after two days of hearings last week to facilitate unauthorized contacts and, according to SAM, unlawful contacts between the defendant and Ms. Coronel ", declared the deposit.
The government notes in its document that an amendment to the SAMs in May 2017 "prohibits the accused from having telephone contact with Ms. Coronel specifically," adding that, "by signing SAM's assertions , the lawyer and the attorney staff agree not to forward third party messages to or from the accused. "
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