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The administration has sought concrete criteria, based on trade, to achieve performance results, not just superficial legal changes that leave no impact on the ground. For example, even though China has changed its laws to give foreign companies better access to its markets, various regulatory barriers and licensing requirements prevent foreign companies from operating freely, said Scott Kennedy, a researcher in China at the Center. for Strategic and International. Studies.
"Even if they can agree on standards for structural reforms, agree on a possible application, it's even more difficult," said Kennedy about the discussions.
The two countries have also put in place measures that could undermine years of efforts to steer the Chinese economy further into the market. The offers include significant purchases of state-led technology goods, natural gas and soybeans as well as closer management of the Chinese currency. These measures would violate the Chinese promises to the World Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund.
But that may not be important for Trump, who focused on reducing the trade gap between the two countries by forcing China to buy more US goods. The US trade deficit with China is expected to increase in 2019, said Derek Scissors, a researcher at the American Enterprise Institute, putting increasing pressure on Trump to reach an agreement involving more American products crossing the East.
"This is what is coming, how to reduce very quickly the deficit of bilateral goods," said Mr. Scissors. "We need big quick purchases from the Chinese so that the president is not torn apart for breaking the statistics that he used in 2016".
China's latest offerings include the purchase of US $ 200 billion of US semiconductors over the next six years, as well as purchases of soybeans and natural gas. This dazzling figure would help reduce the trade deficit of $ 382 billion worth of goods that the United States had with China last year, a move that Mr. Trump often considers as evidence of a relationship economic failure.
In exchange for buying more American goods, the Chinese have asked Mr. Trump not to follow through on his threat to raise tariffs by 10% to 25% – and to delete, hopefully, completely. They also urged the United States to lift restrictions on high-tech exports to China, as well as restrictions on Chinese investment in the United States.
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