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In June 2017, physicists made liquid light at room temperature for the first time, making this strange form of matter more accessible than ever before.
This material is both a super fluid without friction or viscosity, and a kind of Bose-Einstein capacitors, sometimes described as the fifth state of matter, and allows light to circulate around objects and angles .
Normal light behaves like a wave, and sometimes as a particle, always traveling in a straight line, that is why your eyes can not see what are the angles or the objects.
But in difficult conditions, light can act as a fluid and circulate around objects.
Bose-Einstein condensers are interesting for physicists, because in this case the laws move from classical physics to quantum physics and matter begins to take on more wave properties.
Bose-Einstein capacitors are formed at temperatures close to absolute zero and only exist for parts of a second.
But in this new study, researchers were able to make Bose-Einstein capacitors at room temperature by breaking the light with matter. "The remarkable observation in our work is that we have shown that an unnecessary liquidity can also occur at room temperature under the conditions surrounding the use of light particles and matter," said Daniele Sanvitto. , principal investigator of the Nanotechnology Institute of Nanotechnology in Italy. The so-called "Polaritons".
Polarites are semiconductor particles resulting from the coupling of electromagnetic waves with a magnetic or electrolytic dipole. The manufacture of polarites requires dangerous equipment and nanoscale engineering.
Scientists made a thin layer of 130 nanometers thick organic molecules and stored them between two highly reflective images, then launched a pulse of 35 femtoseconds (1 femtosecond equivalent to 1 quadrillion times per second). second). A member of the team, Stéphane Kéna-Cohen of the École Polytechnique de Montréal in Canada, said: "We can thus combine the properties of photons – such as their very light mass and their super velocity – with the properties of powerful interactions due to the presence of electrons in the molecules. .
The superconducting liquid has special properties: under normal conditions, when the liquid flows, it generates ripples and swirls, but it is not superfluid.
The flow of polyartons is like waves under normal conditions, but this is not the case in superfluids.
Kina Cohen says: "In the super liquid, this disorder removes obstructions, which keeps the flow."
The researchers concluded that the results open the way not only to new quantitative fluid dynamics studies, but also to room temperature polarity at advanced room temperature, such as LEDs, solar panels and lasers.
The research team said: "The fact that such an effect can be observed at room temperature can stimulate a huge future work, not only to study the fundamental phenomena related to Bose condensates but also to understand and design optical devices based on supercellular fluids Losses by exploiting new unexpected phenomena. "
- Sarmad Yahya
- Proofreading: Tasnim upholstered
- Editing: Ahmed Azab
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