The north magnetic pole of the Earth "escapes" quickly and ruins navigation. Why

as the only one in the world. writes New Atlas, the swift movement of the magnetic north pole from the Canadian Arctic to Siberia, influencing global navigation.

Since 1831, the year of the first measurement of the North Geomagnetic Pole in the Canadian Arctic, it has moved about 2,300 kilometers to the Siberian side. Since the year 2000, its speed has increased from 15 km per year to 55 km per year.

Scientists differ in explaining the causes of this phenomenon, but the most popular version is turbulence in the external outer liquid core of the Earth. This hot and liquid ocean of iron and nickel located in the nucleus of the planet, where the movement generates an electric field, controls the north magnetic pole. In this case, the southern magnetic belt moves much more slowly.

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The magnetic field of the Earth is thought to form precisely in its nucleus. The core consists of a solid iron ball surrounded by molten metal. When the planet rotates, the liquid metal also moves, generating an electric current, which creates a magnetic field.

Without the last planet, it would be defenseless against the winds of the sun – streams of charged particles traveling from the Sun throughout the solar system at a speed of millions of kilometers per hour. If these particles interact with the earth's atmosphere, they would destroy it gradually, leaving the planet's surface burnt in a desert like Mars.

It was planned to restore the MMM late 2019 and publish it under the name WMM2020, but the magnetic pole is moving too fast. Therefore, the organization decided to update the model for the first time in history for the first time.

According to NOAA, the magnetic pole is now moving towards Siberia at a speed of 55 km a year from Canada. Researchers believe that the Canadian part weakens and the pole moves gradually.

The north is no longer "there"?

The North is not at all where it was after an "unexpected run" of the North Geomagnetic Pole of the Earth "In the Canadian Arctic (Canadian Arctic Archipelago)."

"I'm as permanent as a North Star," said Julius Caesar in Shakespeare's same play, and it seems obvious that the North should be a constant fact in our lives. But is it so?

In a sense, it is so. The North Pole, which marks the axis of the Earth, is constant within reasonable limits. It can fluctuate a few inches a year under the influence of the tides of the sun, moon and planets, but tends to stay in place. The direction to the North Pole corresponds to what is called True North.

The magnetic poles are another, and it is at these poles that the magnetic compass indicates. The fact that the compass is drawn to the north corresponds to the lines of the Earth's magnetic field generated by the liquid iron core of the planet

The problem is that this magnetic field is very unequal due to the influence of the Sun , the internal dynamics of the Earth and the uneven nature of the Earth's crust. This is why navigation charts contain indications of how to calculate the difference between magnetic north and true north in a given region, which can vary by several degrees.

Location of North Magnetic Pole (White Star) in early 2019

In the era of GPS, old compasses may appear superfluous, but magnetic navigation is still needed in the 21st century. The GPS has not replaced the compass, but simply the improvement, and it requires a functional compass to tap applications for smartphones, military operations, air traffic control and satellite tracking.

In fact, ships and aircraft, no matter how complex their navigation systems, the law must have a magnetic compass. It's even about things as simple as airport runways. The signs you see at the end of the runway at the approach are the abbreviations of its alignment on the magnetic north and must change with polar shift.

Due to the importance of the compass, the NCEI and the British Geological Service publish an updated WMM model each year. It's been a few years.