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This approach could help save lives in developing countries, where it is estimated that three common pathogens kill more than 100,000 children under the age of five each year, according to a study published in the journal Vaccine.
The vaccine designed by Mario Monteiro at the University of Guelph in Canada combines pathogenic E. coli proteins with Shigella and Campylobacter jejuni sugars.
The three insects are major causes of bacterial diarrhea in the world. In tests on mice, the vaccine confers immunity against all three pathogens, researchers said.
No licensed vaccine exists against any of these pathogens, they said.
A sugar vaccine developed by Monteiro previously against campylobacter alone is currently being tested in humans, but it still remains a decade or so before its potential release. .
He added that this new three-in-one approach could ultimately overtake the previous single-target vaccine, although any new vaccine may take decades to test and release.
"We are targeting three pathogens at the same time – instead of three injections, you may only need one," Monteiro said.
Further research is needed to determine the optimal amounts of protein and sugars in the vaccine and to make the vaccine more effective, he said.
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