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More than 100 variants associated with chronic nephropathy have been discovered in large-scale genetic studies.
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Scientists have identified 35 genes that predispose people to chronic kidney disease, a finding that can strengthen diagnostic tests and treat the debilitating disease that affects an estimated one in ten adults worldwide.
"Chronic kidney disease is known for its strong genetic component," said lead researcher Maciej Tomaszewski, a professor at the University of Manchester in the UK.
"Our limited knowledge of its exact genetic mechanisms partly explains why progress in developing new diagnostic tests and treatments for chronic kidney failure have been so slow," added Tomaszewski.
More than 100 variants associated with chronic nephropathy have been discovered in large-scale genetic studies. However, the biological mechanisms underlying genetic susceptibility to MRC remained inaccessible and progress in the clinical translation of results of genome-wide association studies was slow.
The findings, published in the journal Nature Communications, were made using a "next generation RNA sequencing" applied to one of the world's largest collections of human kidneys ever performed.
One of the genes – mucin-1 – makes a sticky protein called mucin that covers the urinary tubes inside the kidney.
Mutations of this gene have already been discovered in rare families with hereditary renal failure.
"We hope that early prediction through genetic testing, even before the onset of symptoms, will in the future constitute the first line of defense against one of the world's deadliest," said the Professor Fadi Charchar of Federation University Australia.
"Early detection followed by treatment using protective drugs of the kidneys or the avoidance of drugs that can damage the kidneys is the key to kidney health later in life."
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