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George Howard
Racial differences between men and women in incident hypertension were related to the ratio of sodium / potassium ratio, diet in the South, and education in the South, according to a study published in the US. JAMA.
According to the study, BMI and waist circumference are other key factors in women but not in men.
LOOKING STUDY DATA
George Howard, DrPH, Professor at the Department of Biostatistics at the University of Alabama at the Birmingham School of Public Health, and his colleagues analyzed data from 6,897 black or white participants (mean age: 62 years, 26% black; 55% women) of the LOOK study aged at least 45 years old. years with a normal early BP and hypertension status available at follow-up.
A telephone interview and in-person examination were conducted initially to assess the risk profile of CVD patients, which included venipuncture, blood pressure measurements, electrocardiography and adiposity measurements. Patients underwent a similar evaluation during follow-up.
The researchers selected potential mediating factors that could have contributed to the racial difference between the level of risk factor, prevalence, or the obvious signs of hypertension. These factors included lower education level in high school, BMI, income less than $ 35,000, excessive alcohol consumption, waistline, high score on depression, lack of 39, exercise, the low score of the DASH diet, the perceived high score on the stress scale, high score in the diet of Southern countries, low in the Mediterranean diet and high ratio of sodium and potassium.
During follow-up for a median of 9.4 years; 46% of black participants (95% CI, 44-49 years old) and 33% of white participants (95% CI, 32-34) developed hypertension.
The adjusted mean diet score for the South diet was 0.81 for black men (95% CI, 0.72-0.9), -0.26 for white men (95% CI, -0.31). at -0.21), 0.27 in black women (95% CI, 0.2-0.33). and -0.57 in white women (95% CI, -0.61 to -0.54).
Southern diet was significantly associated with the risk of incident hypertension in men (OR = 1.16 for 1 standard deviation). [SD]; 95% CI, 1.06-1.27) with an incidence of 32.4% at the 25th percentile and 36.1% at the 75th percentile (difference = 3.7%, 95% CI, 1.4 to 6, 2). This was also observed in women (OR = 1.17 for 1 standard deviation, 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.28) with an incidence of 31% at the 25th percentile and 34.8% at the 75th percentile. (difference = 3.8%, 95% CI, 1.5-5.8).
Mediating factors
The main determinant of the difference in incidence of hypertension was the diet of the South in black men (51.6%, 95% CI, 18.8 to 84.4) and black women (29.2%). % 95% CI, 13.4 to 44.9).
The excess risk of incident hypertension in black men without a high school diploma was 12.3% (95% CI, 0.6-23.9), while those with a higher nutritional status between sodium and potassium consumption accounted for 12.3% of excess risk (95% CI). 1.1 to 22.8).
Mediating factors of hypertension in black women were BMI (18.3%, 95% CI, 11.9-24.6), a larger waist circumference (15.2%; 95% CI, 9.8-20.6), less than $ 35,000 (9.3%), lower adherence to DASH (11.2%), higher or lower education (4.1%) and a higher dietary sodium to potassium ratio (6.8%).
"The results of this study have identified more mediating factors for racial difference in incident hypertension in women than men," wrote Howard and his colleagues. "This may be partly due to a stronger association between race and incident hypertension in women than in men, which would provide greater statistical power to detect mediating factors." – by Darlene Dobkowski
Disclosures: Howard does not report any relevant financial information. Please consult the study for all relevant financial information of other authors.
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