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These illusions, which involve flashing lights and deafening ringtones, show that a new stimulus can change the perception that people have a stimulus that occurred a fraction of a second ago , according to a new study published online Oct. 3 in the journal PLOS ONE.
To this day, most of us know the "Invisible Gorilla" experience, which shows how much our attention can be selective, but a team of Caltech researchers (California Institute of Technology) discovered that our brain could disrupt our perceptions. in other ways, including changing our memories to fit a non-existent reality.
Although science has not yet overcome this obstacle (except perhaps for light particles), people can at least feel as if they were traveling back in time looking at two newly created illusions.
Here's how illusions work: imagine a beep and a flash on the screen appear almost simultaneously. The brain that tries to cope with a flood of new information, integrates the sensations received and transforms them into experience, uses the postdiction.
In the illusory rabbit, the average flash never happens, but most people still think they've seen Three flashes to match Three beeps.
Now imagine Three From these combinations, which are only 58 milliseconds apart, the flashes move from left to right on a screen (the beep sounds in the center).
The first author, Noelle Stiles, a visitor in biology and biological engineering and a postdoctoral researcher-researcher associated with research at the USC, said that illusions are extremely fascinating windows of knowledge in the brain world. We can use these illusions to reveal the subconscious presumptions made by the brain.
"How does the brain determine reality with information from multiple senses that are sometimes noisy and contradictory?" We can use these illusions to uncover the underlying inferences that the brain makes. " When these assumptions are wrong, illusions can occur when the brain tries to give the best possible meaning to a confusing situation. By probing illusions, we can examine the guilty procedure of the brain. The light bars flash for only 58 milliseconds and appear first on the left side of the screen and then to the right.
Experiments show that the majority of people at the time of the second audio signal, which is not accompanied by flash, I can still see it in the center of the screen.
This already implies a post-work mechanism.
When implementing the illusion, researchers realized that to trap the brain, stimuli should occur almost simultaneously, less than 200 milliseconds (one-fifth of a second).
This illusion can be explained by a phenomenon in the brain called "post-treatment".
Scientists say this can help explain how our brain combines the senses in space and time to develop an explanation of what has happened. How many flashes do you see?
"The importance of this study is twofold". "First, it generalizes postdiction as a key process in perceptual processing for a single sense and for multiple meanings". The postdiction may seem mysterious, but it is not the case: it is necessary to take into account the time required for the brain to treat the previous visual stimuli, period during which the subsequent stimuli coming from a different direction can affect or modulate the first one. .
"The second sense is that these illusions are very rare cases where hearing affects the vision, and not Vice versa, showing the dynamic aspects of neuronal processing, intervening in space and time ", summarizes the results of one of its principal authors, Shinsuke Simoza (Shinsuke Shimojo), in addition to Stiles and Shimojo, his co-workers. Authors are former Caltech alumnus, Monica Li, Carmel Levitan of Western College and former Caltech Yukitasu Kamitani postdoc of Kyoto University and ATR computerized neuroscience laboratories.
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