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Astronomers have observed the development of the epidemic from the very first hours of its onset.
Scientists first observed the formation of a dual system of neutron stars. The unusually weak explosion of the supernova resulted in the birth of the couple who, in the future, could die on fusion, causing an explosion of gravitational waves.
The achievement says a scientific article published in the journal Science by a large international team of astronomers.
An unusual explosion, the designation iPTF 14gqr, was noted during the review of the iPTF, specifically designed for the search for supernovae and other explosive events. When the rotation of the Earth needs a point disappeared in the horizon, the stick was picked up by other telescopes.
Observers have determined that the class Ic supernova explosion. A flash, like a supernova, almost every other class, except Ia, occurs during the explosion of the nucleus of a massive star in the last stages of its existence.
As supernovae only explode the core of the stars with a mass of at least eight suns. This time, however, the mass of substances emitted was only 0.2 solar, which is of great interest to astronomers. The evaluation of the kinetic energy of the expanding material has also shown that it is surprisingly small for such events (although, by terrestrial standards, a figure of 2 × 1043 joules is not considered modest).
"We have witnessed the collapse of the nucleus of this massive star, but we have seen an astonishing amount of mass ejected," says co-author of the study, Mansi, Kasliwal (Mansi Kasliwal). "We called an ultra-cretaceous hull supernova and have long been predicted to exist. [But] This is the first case in which we have convincingly observed the collapse of the nucleus of a massive star, so devoid of matter. "
Originally, the Orb was huge, otherwise it never burst like a supernova. However, at the time of the explosion, much of its substance had been lost.
Astronomers know only one realistic mechanism for such a loss: "cannibalism" on the part of the companion in a binary system. Gravity is a partner that matters to him, and star of "losing weight". Such a predator may be a white dwarf, a black hole, or a neutron star. In performing calculations, the authors chose the second option.
But after the explosion, the iPTF 14gqr should form precisely a neutron star. Thus, a dual system of these objects. It is so close that the "friends", one day or another, will face each other, creating a flash and an explosion of gravitational waves. Similar "accidents" while astronomers only looked at one time.
This is the first case where astronomers have directly observed the birth of double neutron stars. Still no complete clarity in the question, where are these objects.
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