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The influence of pollution on life expectancy in India is worse than that of HIV / AIDS, cigarette and even terrorism, according to a study that showed that Indians would live 4.3 years more if the country complied with WHO guidelines.
According to the new Air Quality Life Index (AQLI), developed by researchers at the University of Chicago in the United States, airborne particle pollution can reduce air pollution. average life expectancy of 1.8 years per person.
The AQLI reveals that India and China, which account for 36% of the world's population, account for 73% of the years of life lost due to particle pollution.
In India, people would live an average of 4.3 years more if the country complied with the WHO guideline – extending the average life expectancy at birth from 69 to 73 years.
AQLI makes particle pollution the biggest threat to human health in the world, with life expectancy effects exceeding that of devastating communicable diseases such as tuberculosis and HIV / AIDS, behavioral killers like cigarettes and even war.
Critically, the AQLI reports these results in concrete terms that are comparable to those of most people.
"People around the world breathe in air that poses a serious risk to their health, but this risk is communicated in a very opaque and confusing way, reflecting the concentrations of atmospheric pollution in color, such as red, brown, orange and green, "said Michael Greenstone, professor at the Energy Policy Institute of the University of Chicago (EPIC).
"My colleagues and I have developed the AQLI, where the" L "stands for" life ", to remedy these shortcomings.It takes airborne particle concentrations and converts them perhaps. in one of the most important indicators: life expectancy, "he said.
The AQLI is based on a pair of studies that quantify the causal link between long-term human exposure to particle pollution and life expectancy.
Seventy-five percent of the world's population, or 5.5 billion people, live in areas where particle pollution exceeds WHO standards.
In the United States, about one-third of the population lives in areas that do not comply with the WHO guideline. Those living in the most polluted counties in the country can expect to live up to a year longer if pollution complies with WHO guidelines.
On a global scale, the AQLI reveals that particulate pollution reduces the average life expectancy by 1.8 years, making it the biggest global threat to human health.
In comparison, first-hand cigarette smoke causes a reduction in the global average life expectancy of about 1.6 years. Other risks to human health have even less important effects: alcohol and drugs reduce the life expectancy by 11 months; unsafe water and sanitation take off 7 months; and HIV / AIDS, 4 months.
Conflicts and terrorism take 22 days. Thus, the impact of particle pollution on life expectancy is comparable to that of smoking, twice as much as that of alcohol and drugs, three times that of smoking. unsafe water, five times that of HIV / AIDS and more than 25 times that of conflict and terrorism. .
"While people can stop smoking and take steps to protect themselves from illness, they can not do anything individually to protect themselves from the air they breathe," Greenstone said.
"AQLI informs citizens and policy makers about particle pollution that affects them, as well as their communities, and reveals the benefits of policies to reduce particulate pollution," he said. declared.
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