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Long before rhinos, giraffes, hippos, and antelopes roamed the African savannah, a group of large, highly specialized mammals known as the seaweed inhabited the continent. The best known is Arsinoitherium, an animal that looked a lot like a rhinoceros but was actually closer to elephants, sea cows and hyraxes. Now, the researchers report in Current Biology on June 28 offer a glimpse of this ancient past with the discovery of the oldest and oldest still described epithet.
The fossilized dental remains of about 55 million years old found in the early lower Eocene levels of the Ouled Abdoun phosphate basin in Morocco represent two new species of the genus Stylolophus , report the researchers. The first toothfish were already known from 48 million years old fossils collected in Africa and Turkey.
"The brackets were large and strange extinct mammals that belonged, with hyraxes and elephants, to the mammalian megaherbivorous fauna that inhabited the island of Africa, well before the arrival there were 23 million dinosaurs. Years of Eurasian ungulate lines such as artiodactyls, including giraffes, buffaloes, hippos and antelopes, and perissodactyls, including zebras and rhinos "explains Emmanuel Gheerbrant of the CNRS-MNHN in Paris , in France. "They belong to the old endemic African fauna."
Gheerbrant said that the origins of the brackets were uncertain, with two known coexisting families: one in Africa and the other in Turkey and Romania: The exact relationship of the hippodopods to cows and elephants is unclear