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Discovery of the binary system c black holes of stellar mass or neutron stars.
New Data "Chandra" has found a ring of X-ray light sources in a galaxy 300 million light-years from Earth. The new composite image of galaxy AM 0644-741 (AM 0644) combining the X-ray spectrum of the "Chandra" telescope and the visible spectrum with clearly visible bright X-ray sources. Scientists suggest that this double system of stellar mass black holes or neutron stars. The results of the study described in the report, published in The Astrophysical Journal.
Astronomers believe that this ring of black holes or neutron stars formed when the galaxy collided with one another. One of them caused a ripple in the other – AM 0644 – located in the lower right of the picture. Then this ripple produced by a ring of gas expanding in the second galaxy, which led to the birth of new stars. The first galaxy, probably located in the lower left of the image.
The most massive of these formed stars will not live long – on a cosmic scale: millions of years. After that, their nuclear fuel is exhausted, the stars explode in supernova, leaving behind black holes with masses of five to twenty times the sun, or neutron stars with masses similar to our Sun.
Some of these objects have a companion star near which they draw gas. This gas falls on them, forming a rotating disk and heated by friction. It is heated to incredible temperatures, produces large amounts of X-rays, which can record Chandra.
Despite the fact that the ring of black holes or neutron stars is interesting in itself, the story of AM 0644 does not stop there. All X-ray sources recorded in this outer ring are bright enough to be classified as ultra-bright X-ray sources (ULX). This class of objects produces hundreds and thousands of times more X-rays than a "normal" binary system in which the associated star orbits a neutron star or a black hole. Until recently, most astronomers thought that ULX, in general, contained stellar mass black holes, and probably in some cases intermediate mass black holes (100 solar masses and more). However, this has changed when several sources of ultra-bright X-rays, including M82 and M51, have found a neutron star.
The exact description of the individual ULXs at 0644 AM is not yet known. It can be a combination of black holes and neutron stars, it is possible that they are only black holes or neutron stars.
All sources of X-rays in the image are not in the ring AM 0644. One of them is the growing black hole located well beyond the galaxy, at 9 , 1 billion years of Earth. Another notable source was the growing black hole of the "Chandra" telescope in the center of the galaxy. In the new study, the researchers also used X-ray telescope observations to study the other six ring galaxies in addition to AM 0644. Only seven galaxies found 63 sources, including 50 ULX. In such annular galaxies, the authors observe an average number of higher-than-normal ultraviolet X-ray sources. Annular galaxies of interest to astronomers because it is an ideal site to study the pattern of dual star formation and understand the origin of ULX.
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