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Dementia is a syndrome, or group of associated symptoms, associated with a continuing decline in brain function.
This can include problems with memory loss, speed of thinking, mental clarity, language, comprehension, judgment, mood, movement, and difficulty performing daily activities.
There are many causes of dementia and people confused between dementia and Alzheimer's are often confused.
In simple terms, Alzheimer's is a special type of dementia and is the most common type.
"The exact cause of Alzheimer's disease is not yet fully understood, although a number of factors are believed to increase your risk of developing the disease," the NHS said.
These include aging, a family history of the disease, untreated depression, lifestyle factors, and conditions associated with cardiovascular disease.
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disease, which means that the symptoms develop gradually over the years and that they end up getting worse.
It affects several brain functions. The first signs of Alzheimer's are usually minor memory problems.
Although there is no treatment, medications are available to relieve the symptoms.
The second most common type of dementia is vascular dementia, which affects approximately 150,000 people in the UK.
Vascular dementia is caused by a decrease in blood flow to the brain, which damages and eventually kills brain cells.
This can occur as a result of narrowing and blocking small blood vessels inside the brain.
A single stroke, or a series of mini-strokes, can also lead to vascular dementia.
The disease tends to worsen over time, but it is sometimes possible to slow down.
Dementia most often affects people over 65, but it can also occur in young people.
One in 14 over 65 will develop dementia and one in six over 80 will suffer.
According to the Alzheimer Society, about 850,000 people in the UK suffer from dementia.
It is estimated that this figure will increase to about one million by 2025.
"Although there is no cure for dementia at present, if diagnosed in the early stages, there are ways to slow it down and maintain mental function" , said the NHS.
"A diagnosis can help people with dementia get the right treatment and support and help their loved ones prepare for and plan for the future."
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